Predicting osteoporosis in patients with a low-energy fracture
Monique H M Timmer1, Monique M Samson, Evelyn M Monninkhof
1Department of Geriatric Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, P.O. Box 85.500 (room B05.256), 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Abstract:
The multicenter cross-sectional study was designed to develop a simple rule to predict the risk of osteoporosis in the patients with a low-energy fracture (LEF). Furthermore, we aimed to investigate the incidence of fall-related risk factors. We included 206 patients with age over 50 and an LEF at the emergency room. All patients underwent osteoporosis and fall risk assessment and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) of both hips and the lumbar spine. The incidence of osteoporosis in our study population was 41% (84 cases of 206). Fifty-four percent of the patients reported at least one fall-related risk factor. Mobility problems occurred in 31% and osteoarthritis in 19%. The final osteoporosis prediction rule included age, positive family history, immobility, and low-body weight. The discrimination of the rule after correction for over-optimism was good (receiver operating curve (ROC)=ROC area=0.79). This simple rule may be helpful to select patients who need further osteoporosis assessment.
Related Concept Videos
01:29Bone Disorders
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
01:27Fractures: Bone Repair
Minor fractures with no bone displacement are treated by immobilizing the fractured bone using a cast or splint. However, in the case of fractures with displaced bones, the broken bones are repositioned before immobilization to ensure successful healing without deformation and loss of function. The realignment of fractured bone ends is performed through a process called reduction. If the procedure...
01:40Bone Remodeling
01:31Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling
01:25Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health
Vitamin A
Vitamin A is involved in the process of bone remodeling. Retinoic acid, the active metabolite of Vitamin A, has nuclear receptors in osteoblasts and osteoclasts, which are involved in bone remodeling.
Vitamin B12
Vitamin B12 acts as a cofactor during the formation of osteoblast-related proteins, such as osteocalcin. Vitamin B12 plays a role...
01:31Essential Minerals for Bone Health
Calcium and Phosphorus
Calcium is a critical component of bones, especially in the form of calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate. Since the body cannot make calcium, it must be obtained from the diet. However, calcium cannot be absorbed from the small intestine without...