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Related Concept Videos

Psychosurgery01:30

Psychosurgery

Psychosurgery, the surgical alteration or permanent removal of brain tissue to alleviate severe psychological conditions, stands as one of the most radical and controversial treatments in the history of mental health care. Its development and application have evolved significantly, marked by dramatic shifts in scientific understanding and ethical perspectives.
Historical Development of Psychosurgery
In the 1930s, Portuguese neurologist Antonio Egas Moniz introduced a surgical procedure designed...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management01:21

Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management

Surgical interventions for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, are essential in managing symptoms and addressing complications. The selection of surgical procedures is contingent upon the specific conditions and complications that stem from these illnesses.
Here are some common surgical interventions for IBD:

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Evaluation of POSSUM for patients undergoing pancreatoduodenectomy.

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Predicting individual survival after potentially curative esophagectomy for adenocarcinoma of the esophagus or gastroesophageal junction.

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Analysis of micrometastatic disease in histologically negative lymph nodes of patients with adenocarcinoma of the distal esophagus or gastric cardia.

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Decision making for relaparotomy in secondary peritonitis.

Digestive surgery·2008
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[From the Cochrane Library: the use of peer review is still under discussion].

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Extended resection for pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 29, 2026

Single-Port Robotic-assisted Transaxillary Breast-conserving Surgery: A Prospective, Single-arm, Non-randomized Phase IIa Clinical Trial
03:07

Single-Port Robotic-assisted Transaxillary Breast-conserving Surgery: A Prospective, Single-arm, Non-randomized Phase IIa Clinical Trial

Published on: August 19, 2025

[Evidence-based surgery].

F Stijntjes1, H Obertop

  • 1Nederlands Tijdschrift voor Geneeskunde, Johannes Vermeerstraat 2, 1071 DR Amsterdam. f.stijntjes@gmail.com

Nederlands Tijdschrift Voor Geneeskunde
|October 8, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Evidence-based surgery is replacing authority-based practices through randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Surgical RCTs face challenges like blinding and cross-over, but rigorous design ensures reliable evidence for improved patient care.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 29, 2026

Single-Port Robotic-assisted Transaxillary Breast-conserving Surgery: A Prospective, Single-arm, Non-randomized Phase IIa Clinical Trial
03:07

Single-Port Robotic-assisted Transaxillary Breast-conserving Surgery: A Prospective, Single-arm, Non-randomized Phase IIa Clinical Trial

Published on: August 19, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Surgical research methodology
  • Clinical trial design

Context:

  • Shift from authority-based to evidence-based surgical practices.
  • Increasing use of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for surgical interventions.

Purpose:

  • To highlight the methodological and ethical challenges in conducting surgical RCTs.
  • To discuss strategies for improving the quality and implementation of surgical evidence.

Summary:

  • Surgical RCTs enable comparisons between surgical, non-surgical, and adjuvant therapies.
  • Methodological limitations include difficulties with randomization, blinding, and ethical use of placebo controls.
  • Key factors for successful surgical RCTs include appropriate intervention groups, surgeon training, high surgeon volume, and minimizing unplanned cross-over.

Impact:

  • Successful surgical RCTs require inter-hospital collaboration for organizational, ethical, and funding considerations.
  • Implementation of RCT findings into practice relies on opinion leaders and resident training for evidence-based guidelines.