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Related Concept Videos

Cytomegalovirus Disease01:27

Cytomegalovirus Disease

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease is caused by human cytomegalovirus, a double-stranded DNA virus of the Herpesviridae family. While primary CMV infection is often asymptomatic in immunocompetent individuals, the virus can cause severe disease in neonates and immunocompromised patients. CMV is the most common cause of congenital viral infection in the United States, and a major pathogen in solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients.CMV is transmitted via bodily fluids, sexual...
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Poliomyelitis

Poliomyelitis is caused by poliovirus, a small, non-enveloped, positive-sense RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family and Enterovirus genus. Transmission occurs primarily via the fecal-oral route, often through ingestion of contaminated water or food. The virus initially replicates in the oropharynx and intestinal mucosa, particularly in lymphoid tissues such as the tonsils, Peyer’s patches, and regional lymph nodes. Primary viremia follows, allowing dissemination throughout the body.In most...
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Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens

The immune system's response to viral infections is a complex and coordinated process involving natural killer (NK) cells, T cell-mediated responses, and antibody-mediated responses.
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...
Development of Immunocompetence01:22

Development of Immunocompetence

The initiation of cell-mediated immunity can be observed as early as the third month of fetal growth, with active antibody-mediated immunity following approximately one month later.
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Subsequent T...
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease01:29

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease

Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a widespread pathogen that primarily targets infants and young children but also poses a serious health risk to elderly and immunocompromised individuals. Belonging to the Pneumoviridae family, RSV is a negative-sense, single-stranded RNA virus within the Pneumovirus genus. Its global health burden is significant, with millions of cases annually resulting in hospitalizations and mortality, particularly in resource-limited settings. Although most...
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Immunodeficiency Diseases

Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency disorders...

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Use of In vivo Imaging to Monitor the Progression of Experimental Mouse Cytomegalovirus Infection in Neonates
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Postnatal cytomegalovirus: innocent bystander or hidden problem?

S Luck1, M Sharland

  • 1Department of Virology, Royal Free & University College Medical School, London, UK. sluck@doctors.org.uk

Archives of Disease in Childhood. Fetal and Neonatal Edition
|October 8, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in premature infants is understudied. Postnatal CMV acquisition may cause serious illness, but screening and prevention strategies require further research.

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Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Virology

Background:

  • Cytomegalovirus (CMV) commonly causes mild illness in immunocompetent individuals.
  • Research on CMV in premature and small-for-gestational age neonates has been historically limited.
  • Recent findings highlight CMV transmission factors and potential serious morbidity from postnatal acquisition in this population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in premature neonates.
  • To explore the implications of postnatal CMV acquisition in this vulnerable group.
  • To identify knowledge gaps regarding the burden and management of CMV disease in neonates.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on CMV transmission and neonatal outcomes.
  • Analysis of existing data on morbidity associated with postnatal CMV infection.
  • Synthesis of current evidence to assess the need for screening and prevention.

Main Results:

  • Factors influencing CMV transmission in neonates have been identified.
  • Postnatal CMV acquisition is increasingly linked to significant illness in premature infants.
  • The overall burden of disease and effectiveness of interventions remain largely undefined.

Conclusions:

  • Postnatal Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a growing concern in premature infants.
  • Further research is crucial to understand the full impact of CMV disease in this population.
  • The utility and risks of screening and preventative measures for neonatal CMV require thorough investigation.