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Related Concept Videos

Autism Spectrum Disorder01:19

Autism Spectrum Disorder

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
Modeling in Therapy01:26

Modeling in Therapy

Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in situations...
Planning Nursing Care I01:21

Planning Nursing Care I

The planning phase of the nursing process helps nurses set priorities, outline patient-centered goals and expected outcomes, and tailor nursing interventions to align with the aligned care plan. Through the planning phase, the nurse applies critical thinking skills to align and develop interventions according to the patient's needs. It provides continuity of care allowing patients to receive the maximum benefit from treatment. It serves as a pilot plan for allocating individual staff to a...
Operant Conditioning Intervention01:24

Operant Conditioning Intervention

Operant conditioning serves as a foundational principle in therapeutic interventions aimed at modifying maladaptive behaviors. Central to this approach is the notion that behaviors, both adaptive and maladaptive, are learned through reinforcement. By analyzing the environmental factors that reinforce problematic behaviors, clinicians can design interventions to weaken these reinforcements and replace maladaptive behaviors with healthier alternatives.
In operant conditioning, behaviors that are...
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Planning Nursing Care II

A nursing care plan can present in two forms: informal and formal. Informal is a care plan for the individual use of the nurse and goals they wish to accomplish during their shift. Informal care plans are not included in the patient chart. A formal nursing care plan is a written or computerized guide that organizes patient care. It is further subdivided into two: standardized and individualized care plans. Standardized care plans are pre-populated care plans for specific patient populations,...
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Behavior Modification

Behavioral approaches have often been criticized for ignoring mental processes and focusing solely on observable behavior. However, these approaches provide an optimistic perspective for individuals seeking to change their behaviors. Rather than concentrating on intrinsic personality traits, behavioral approaches suggest that even longstanding habits can be modified by changing the reward contingencies that maintain them.
A real-world application of operant conditioning principles is applied...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 29, 2026

A Familiarization Protocol Facilitates the Participation of Children with ASD in Electrophysiological Research
08:42

A Familiarization Protocol Facilitates the Participation of Children with ASD in Electrophysiological Research

Published on: July 31, 2017

Planning actions in autism.

Maddalena Fabbri-Destro1, Luigi Cattaneo, Sonia Boria

  • 1Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Università di Parma, Via Volturno 39, 43100, Parma, Italy.

Experimental Brain Research
|October 8, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Children with autism struggle to understand intentions due to difficulties chaining motor acts. This study found that motor act kinematics in autistic children were not modulated by task difficulty, unlike typically developing children.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is associated with deficits in understanding others' intentions.
  • This deficit may stem from a malfunctioning mirror system, either in basic mechanisms or in organizing chained actions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the hypothesis that impaired understanding of intentions in autism is due to disorganization in chained action organization.
  • To examine the kinematics of intentional actions in children with ASD compared to typically developing (TD) children.

Main Methods:

  • Participants included children with ASD and TD children.
  • Children performed two actions, each comprising three motor acts.
  • The first motor act was consistent, while the third varied in difficulty between the two actions.

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Last Updated: Jun 29, 2026

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Published on: July 31, 2017

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Main Results:

  • Typically developing children modulated the kinematics of the first motor act based on the difficulty of the subsequent act.
  • Children with autism did not show this modulation; the kinematics of their first motor act remained consistent regardless of task difficulty.

Conclusions:

  • The findings support the hypothesis of a deficit in chaining motor acts into a coherent global action in children with autism.
  • This motor chaining deficit may underlie the difficulties in understanding others' intentions observed in autism spectrum disorder.