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Precision Induction and Distinction of Coughing and Sneezing Reflexes in Mice

Precision Induction and Distinction of Coughing and Sneezing Reflexes in Mice

Published on: October 3, 2025

Fentanyl-induced cough does not depend on injection speed: a randomized study.

U Schäpermeier¹, H-B Hopf

¹Department of Anaesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Asklepios Klinik Langen, Langen, Germany.

Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica

|October 9, 2008

Summary

The speed of intravenous fentanyl injection does not affect the incidence of cough. This study found no significant difference in cough rates between different injection speeds or placebo, suggesting fentanyl-induced cough is independent of administration rate.

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Methods for Detecting Cough and Airway Inflammation in Mice

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Area of Science:

Anesthesiology
Pharmacology

Background:

Post-intravenous injection cough is a common adverse event.
Fentanyl is frequently used for anesthesia and analgesia.
The relationship between fentanyl injection speed and cough incidence requires clarification.

Purpose of the Study:

To determine if the incidence of cough following intravenous fentanyl administration is influenced by the injection speed.
To compare cough rates at different fentanyl injection rates (2, 5, and 10 seconds) against placebo.

Main Methods:

A randomized controlled trial involving 476 patients undergoing general anesthesia.
Patients received 1.5 microg/kg fentanyl intravenously over 2, 5, or 10 seconds, or placebo (saline).
Exclusion criteria included smoking, bronchial hyperreactivity, and respiratory tract infection.

Main Results:

The incidence of cough within 5 minutes post-injection was 3% for 2-second, 3% for 5-second, and 6% for 10-second fentanyl groups.
The placebo group showed a 2% incidence of cough.
No statistically significant difference in cough incidence was observed between the fentanyl injection speed groups and the placebo group (P=0.374).

Conclusions:

Intravenous fentanyl administration at 1.5 microg/kg did not result in a cough incidence significantly different from placebo.
The speed of intravenous fentanyl injection (2, 5, or 10 seconds) did not influence the likelihood of experiencing cough.
These findings suggest that fentanyl-induced cough is not dependent on the injection rate under the studied conditions.