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Related Experiment Video

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Published on: June 9, 2023

Endowment effect in capuchin monkeys.

Venkat Lakshminaryanan¹, M Keith Chen, Laurie R Santos

¹Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences

|October 9, 2008

Summary

Human economic biases like loss aversion and reference dependence are shared with capuchin monkeys, suggesting ancient evolutionary origins for these preference biases.

Area of Science:

Behavioral Economics
Comparative Psychology
Evolutionary Psychology

Background:

Human economic decision-making exhibits biases, including loss aversion and reference dependence.
The evolutionary origins of these economic biases are not well understood.
Previous research indicates some human economic biases are shared with capuchin monkeys.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the presence of the endowment effect in capuchin monkeys.
To explore the evolutionary roots of economic preference biases.

Main Methods:

A token-trading task was designed to assess the endowment effect in capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella).
Monkeys were presented with equally preferred treats (fruit discs and cereal chunks).
The study controlled for transaction costs and timing issues.

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Main Results:

Capuchin monkeys exhibited a significant endowment effect, demanding greater compensation to trade owned treats for equally preferred ones.
This effect was robust and not attributable to logistical factors.
The findings align with previous observations of loss aversion and reference dependence in capuchins.

Conclusions:

Biased economic preferences are supported by evolutionarily ancient cognitive systems.
Common evolutionary ancestry between humans and capuchins likely explains the shared endowment effect.
These findings challenge previous assumptions about the recency of economic biases.