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Related Concept Videos

Metal-Ligand Bonds02:51

Metal-Ligand Bonds

The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...
Extraction: Advanced Methods00:56

Extraction: Advanced Methods

Metal ions can be separated from one another by complexation with organic ligands–the chelating agent– to form uncharged chelates. Here, the chelating agent must contain hydrophobic groups and behave as a weak acid, losing a proton to bind with the metal. Since most organic ligands used in this process are insoluble or undergo oxidation in the aqueous phase, the chelating agent is initially added to the organic phase and extracted into the aqueous phase. The metal-ligand complex is formed in...
Solubility of Ionic Compounds02:55

Solubility of Ionic Compounds

Solubility is the measure of the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved in a given quantity of solvent at a given temperature and pressure. Solubility is usually measured in molarity (M) or moles per liter (mol/L). A compound is termed soluble if it dissolves in water.
Ion Exchange01:17

Ion Exchange

Ion exchange chromatography separates charged molecules from a solution by reversibly exchanging them with mobile, or 'active', ions associated with the oppositely charged stationary phase. This method can be used to separate ions, soften and deionize water, and purify solutions. The polymers comprising the ion-exchange column are high-molecular-weight and chemically stable polymers, crosslinked to be porous and essentially insoluble. They are also functionalized with either acidic or basic...
Properties of Organometallic Compounds01:23

Properties of Organometallic Compounds

Organometallic compounds are compounds that contain a carbon–metal bond. Carbon belongs to an organyl group like alkyl, aryl, allyl, or benzyl groups. The metal can be from Group I or Group II of the periodic table, a transition metal, or a semimetal.
Common Ion Effect03:24

Common Ion Effect

Compared with pure water, the solubility of an ionic compound is less in aqueous solutions containing a common ion (one also produced by dissolution of the ionic compound). This is an example of a phenomenon known as the common ion effect, which is a consequence of the law of mass action that may be explained using Le Châtelier’s principle. Consider the dissolution of silver iodide:

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Updated: Jun 29, 2026

Solvothermal Synthesis of MIL-96 and UiO-66-NH2 on Atomic Layer Deposited Metal Oxide Coatings on Fiber Mats
06:00

Solvothermal Synthesis of MIL-96 and UiO-66-NH2 on Atomic Layer Deposited Metal Oxide Coatings on Fiber Mats

Published on: June 13, 2018

Carboxyl-functionalized task-specific ionic liquids for solubilizing metal oxides.

Peter Nockemann1, Ben Thijs, Tatjana N Parac-Vogt

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, bus 2404, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium. Peter.Nockemann@chem.kuleuven.be

Inorganic Chemistry
|October 10, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Carboxyl-functionalized ionic liquids selectively dissolve metal oxides. These hydrophobic liquids exhibit thermomorphic behavior, forming a single phase with water at higher temperatures due to temperature-dependent hydration and hydrogen bonding.

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Highly Stereoselective Synthesis of 1,6-Ketoesters Mediated by Ionic Liquids: A Three-component Reaction Enabling Rapid Access to a New Class of Low Molecular Weight Gelators
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Highly Stereoselective Synthesis of 1,6-Ketoesters Mediated by Ionic Liquids: A Three-component Reaction Enabling Rapid Access to a New Class of Low Molecular Weight Gelators

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Molten-Salt Synthesis of Complex Metal Oxide Nanoparticles
08:43

Molten-Salt Synthesis of Complex Metal Oxide Nanoparticles

Published on: October 27, 2018

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Solvothermal Synthesis of MIL-96 and UiO-66-NH2 on Atomic Layer Deposited Metal Oxide Coatings on Fiber Mats
06:00

Solvothermal Synthesis of MIL-96 and UiO-66-NH2 on Atomic Layer Deposited Metal Oxide Coatings on Fiber Mats

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Highly Stereoselective Synthesis of 1,6-Ketoesters Mediated by Ionic Liquids: A Three-component Reaction Enabling Rapid Access to a New Class of Low Molecular Weight Gelators
06:31

Highly Stereoselective Synthesis of 1,6-Ketoesters Mediated by Ionic Liquids: A Three-component Reaction Enabling Rapid Access to a New Class of Low Molecular Weight Gelators

Published on: November 27, 2015

Molten-Salt Synthesis of Complex Metal Oxide Nanoparticles
08:43

Molten-Salt Synthesis of Complex Metal Oxide Nanoparticles

Published on: October 27, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Chemistry
  • Physical Chemistry

Background:

  • Ionic liquids (ILs) are salts with low melting points, offering unique solvent properties.
  • Functionalization of ILs can tailor their chemical and physical characteristics.
  • Metal oxide and hydroxide dissolution is crucial in various industrial and research applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize carboxyl-functionalized ionic liquids.
  • To investigate the selective dissolution capabilities of these ILs for metal oxides and hydroxides.
  • To explore the thermomorphic behavior of these hydrophobic ILs with water.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of imidazolium, pyridinium, pyrrolidinium, piperidinium, morpholinium, and quaternary ammonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide salts with carboxyl groups.
  • Solubility studies for selective dissolution of metal oxides and hydroxides.
  • Phase behavior investigations with water at different temperatures.
  • (1)H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ((1)H NMR) spectroscopy to study thermomorphic behavior.
  • X-ray crystallography to determine the structures of ILs and metal complexes.

Main Results:

  • Carboxyl-functionalized ionic liquids demonstrated selective dissolution of metal oxides and hydroxides.
  • Hydrophobic ILs showed immiscibility with water at room temperature but formed a single phase at elevated temperatures.
  • Thermomorphic behavior was confirmed and attributed to temperature-dependent hydration and hydrogen bonding.
  • Crystal structures of four ionic liquids and five metal complexes were successfully determined.

Conclusions:

  • Carboxyl-functionalized ionic liquids are effective for selective metal oxide and hydroxide dissolution.
  • The observed thermomorphic behavior is a key characteristic for tunable phase separation.
  • Understanding the hydration and hydrogen bonding mechanisms is vital for designing advanced IL-based systems.