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Related Concept Videos

Herpes01:28

Herpes

Herpes simplex type 1 (HSV‑1) is a widespread pathogen responsible for orolabial lesions. It is an enveloped, double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) virus belonging to the family Herpesviridae. Once the virus infects a host cell, its double‑stranded DNA genome is delivered into the nucleus, where a coordinated cascade of immediate‑early, early, and late gene expression directs viral DNA replication, structural protein synthesis, and virion assembly. After primary infection of epithelial cells, HSV-1...
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Antiviral Nucleoside Inhibitors

Antiviral Nucleoside InhibitorsAntiviral nucleoside inhibitors are structural analogs of natural nucleosides that interfere with viral DNA or RNA synthesis. These compounds selectively target viral polymerases due to their resemblance to host nucleosides, thereby disrupting viral genome replication.Mechanism of Acyclovir ActionAcyclovir is a guanosine analog with a three-carbon acyclic side chain. It selectively targets herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2),...
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Genital herpes is a sexually transmitted infection primarily caused by herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), though herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is increasingly implicated in genital infections, particularly among younger populations. Transmission occurs mainly through sexual contact, with asymptomatic viral shedding serving as a major route of spread. This characteristic makes HSV-2 difficult to control at a population level, as individuals may unknowingly transmit the virus even in the...
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Cytomegalovirus Disease

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease is caused by human cytomegalovirus, a double-stranded DNA virus of the Herpesviridae family. While primary CMV infection is often asymptomatic in immunocompetent individuals, the virus can cause severe disease in neonates and immunocompromised patients. CMV is the most common cause of congenital viral infection in the United States, and a major pathogen in solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients.CMV is transmitted via bodily fluids, sexual...
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Acyclovir for treating primary herpetic gingivostomatitis.

Mona Nasser1, Zbys Fedorowicz, Mohammad H Khoshnevisan

  • 1Department of Health Information, Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care, Dillenburger Street, 27, D-51105, Köln, Germany, D-51105. Monalisa1n@gmail.com

The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
|October 10, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Systemic acyclovir may effectively treat primary herpetic gingivostomatitis in children under 6. This antiviral medication can reduce oral lesions, prevent new ones, and ease eating and drinking difficulties, potentially reducing hospital admissions.

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Area of Science:

  • Oral Medicine
  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Virology

Background:

  • Primary herpetic gingivostomatitis is a contagious oral infection affecting children and adults, with symptoms ranging from mild to severe.
  • The condition, caused by the herpes simplex virus, can lead to complications like encephalitis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of systemic acyclovir in treating primary herpetic gingivostomatitis.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic review of randomized controlled trials comparing acyclovir to placebo in individuals under 25 with primary herpetic gingivostomatitis.
  • Searches were conducted across multiple databases including MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, and Cochrane Oral Health Group's Trials Register up to May 2008.

Main Results:

  • Only two trials were included; one with 72 participants and another with 20. The first trial, despite a moderate risk of bias, indicated acyclovir's benefit in reducing oral lesions and new extraoral lesions.
  • Acyclovir treatment also showed improvements in eating and drinking difficulties and a trend towards reduced hospital admissions for children under 6.
  • Mild gastrointestinal symptoms were reported in both acyclovir and placebo groups, resolving spontaneously.

Conclusions:

  • Limited evidence from one trial suggests systemic acyclovir may be effective for primary herpetic gingivostomatitis in children under 6.
  • Acyclovir demonstrated potential in reducing oral lesions, preventing spread, improving oral intake, and decreasing hospitalizations.
  • Further high-quality research is needed to confirm these findings.