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Related Concept Videos

Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures01:22

Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures

Essential infection prevention measures are based on the knowledge of the infection chain, the modes of transmission in healthcare settings, and the use of the best practices in all healthcare settings. Compulsory public reporting of healthcare-associated infection rates is needed to allow individuals and the community to make informed choices regarding selecting a healthcare facility.
The best practices for preventing healthcare-associated infections include hand hygiene, patient risk...
Types of Reports II: Incident or Occurrence Report01:21

Types of Reports II: Incident or Occurrence Report

An Incident or Occurrence Report in a healthcare setting is a crucial document used to record any unexpected occurrence that may or may not have affected a patient, employee, or visitor. Such reports are critical to improving patient safety and include all details leading up to and including the event.
Purposes:
In the healthcare industry, reports play a crucial role in documenting incidents within an agency. The primary objective of these reports is to ensure patient safety, uphold the...
SBAR II: Application of SBAR01:14

SBAR II: Application of SBAR

SBAR is an effective communication tool used by healthcare professionals to communicate patient information accurately. SBAR stands for Situation, Background, Assessment, and Recommendation. For a better understanding, an example is given below.
SBAR Report from a Nurse to a Health Care Provider
S: "Hello, Dr. Smith. This is Jane, RN, from the Med Surg unit. I am calling to tell you about Ms. White in Room 210, who is experiencing increased pain and redness at her incision site. Her recent...
Types of Reports III: Telephone and Verbal Reports01:26

Types of Reports III: Telephone and Verbal Reports

Telephone and Verbal Reports in healthcare settings are two communication methods for conveying therapeutic instructions from healthcare providers to nurses or other healthcare staff.
Here's an overview of each type:
Telephone Orders
Methods Of Healthcare Delivery System01:26

Methods Of Healthcare Delivery System

At the different levels of the healthcare system, we see varying methods of healthcare used. These methods include managed care systems, case management, and primary healthcare.
Managed Care System:
The managed care system is designed to control the cost while maintaining the quality of care. The patient's care from admission to discharge is planned by the primary care provider or the case manager, also known as the gatekeeper. In a managed care system, the number of care providers is limited...
Development of the Oral Microbiota01:28

Development of the Oral Microbiota

The establishment of the oral microbiome begins before birth, challenging the long-held belief that the fetal oral cavity is sterile. The presence of oral microbes such as Streptococcus and Fusobacterium in amniotic fluid suggests that microbial exposure may occur in utero, potentially through translocation from the maternal oral or gastrointestinal tract. This early colonization primes the neonatal immune system and sets the stage for subsequent microbial succession. Maternal health,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 29, 2026

External Cephalic Version: Is it an Effective and Safe Procedure?
08:49

External Cephalic Version: Is it an Effective and Safe Procedure?

Published on: June 6, 2020

Recommendations for routine reporting on indications for cesarean delivery in developing countries.

Cynthia Stanton1, Carine Ronsmans,

  • 1Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

Birth (Berkeley, Calif.)
|October 11, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Cesarean delivery rates are rising globally. A standardized system for reporting cesarean indications is recommended to understand and manage both overuse and underuse of this procedure, especially in developing nations.

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Last Updated: Jun 29, 2026

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Global Health
  • Health Services Research

Background:

  • Cesarean delivery rates are increasing globally, particularly in developing countries, with disparities observed between wealthy and poor populations.
  • Limited data on clinical indications hinder understanding of cesarean delivery rate changes.
  • Existing data collection on cesarean indications is insufficient for comparative analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose recommendations for routine reporting of cesarean delivery indications in developing countries.
  • To facilitate the collection of comparable data for analyzing cesarean delivery rate trends.
  • To address the need for understanding both the underuse and overuse of cesarean sections.

Main Methods:

  • Review of data from selected countries categorizing cesarean sections.
  • Analysis of three different cesarean section classification systems.
  • International expert consultation to develop standardized reporting recommendations.

Main Results:

  • A single, hierarchical classification system for cesarean indications was recommended for universal application.
  • Prioritization of cesareans for absolute maternal indications within the classification system.
  • Inclusion of maternal, fetal, and psychosocial indications for comprehensive categorization, particularly in high-rate settings.

Conclusions:

  • Data on cesarean section indications are universally available and require compilation and review.
  • Advocacy is crucial to implement these recommendations within ministries of health and medical organizations.
  • Improved communication regarding the health effects of cesarean delivery underuse and overuse is necessary.