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Related Concept Videos

Allergic Reactions02:06

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Overview
Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis01:30

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis

Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction mediated by Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. When IgE binds to allergens, it triggers the release of mediators– histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins from mast cells and basophils. These mediators cause vasodilation, edema, and inflammation, leading to various symptoms.The primary allergens causing anaphylaxis include food items (e.g., peanuts, shellfish), drugs (e.g., penicillin, asparaginase, corticotropin, heparin),...
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Drug-related allergies are immune-mediated responses triggered by the administration of pharmacological agents. These hypersensitivity reactions are classified based on the immune mechanisms involved. The four primary types—Type I, II, III, and IV—are mediated by different immunological pathways and exhibit distinct clinical manifestations.Type I Hypersensitivity/ IgE-Mediated Reactions: Immunoglobulin E (IgE) immediately mediates Type I hypersensitivity reactions. Upon initial exposure to a...
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Allergic reactions related to drugs are hypersensitivity responses driven by the immune system and bear no connection to the drug's therapeutic action. While drugs in isolation do not trigger an immune response, they can interact with endogenous proteins to form antigens. These antigens stimulate lymphocytes to produce antibodies. IgE-type antibodies attach themselves to mast cells. Upon subsequent exposure to the same stimulus, the antigen-antibody interaction is initiated, unleashing numerous...
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Hypersensitivity, also known as a hypersensitivity reaction or allergic reaction, is a condition where the body's immune system reacts abnormally to a foreign substance. Such substances, that cause hypersensitivity are referred to as an allergen, could be something typically harmless to most people, like pollen or certain foods.
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Updated: Jun 29, 2026

A Mouse Ear Model for Allergic Contact Dermatitis Evaluation
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Latex allergy: two educational cases.

L Baker1, J O'B Hourihane

  • 1Paediatrics and Child Health, University College, Cork, Ireland.

Pediatric Allergy and Immunology : Official Publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
|October 11, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Natural rubber latex (NRL) allergy poses risks to healthcare workers and children. Prevention and prophylaxis strategies are key to reducing NRL allergy in high-risk groups like spina bifida patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Allergy Research
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Natural rubber latex (NRL) allergy is a significant health concern for healthcare professionals and pediatric patients with complex medical histories requiring repeated surgeries.
  • High-risk populations, including those with spina bifida (SB), are particularly susceptible to NRL allergy.

Observation:

  • Prophylactic measures, both primary and secondary, have demonstrated effectiveness in mitigating NRL allergy within identified high-risk cohorts.
  • Continued medical vigilance regarding established latex allergy is essential.
  • Latex sensitization through cross-reactivity with fruit and food allergies presents an ongoing challenge.

Findings:

  • Implementing robust prevention and secondary prophylaxis strategies is likely to lead to a continued decline in NRL allergy among pediatric spina bifida patients.
  • The focus of attention for NRL allergy management may need to shift towards emerging high-risk groups as prevalence decreases in established ones.

Implications:

  • Sustained awareness and targeted interventions are crucial for managing NRL allergy.
  • Future research into innovative immunomodulatory treatments holds promise for individuals sensitized or allergic to latex.
  • A potential shift in focus towards new high-risk populations necessitates ongoing epidemiological surveillance and adaptive prevention strategies.