Pediatric enterocystoplasty: long-term complications and controversies

As enterocystoplasty has become a routine procedure in pediatric urology, long-term complications are emerging in adult patients. Pediatric urologists in general do not follow their patients beyond late adolescence. The sequelae of enterocystoplasty have fallen into the hands of their adult colleagues. Some of the complications of enterocystoplasty, such as reservoir stones, malignancy and perforation, are also seen in older adults following continent diversion. On the other hand, problems with bone growth, pregnancy and reflux nephropathy are unique to children and young adults. A better awareness and understanding of these complications will lead to improved prevention, surveillance and treatment.