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Updated: Jun 29, 2026

An Immunohistopathologic Study to Profile the Folate Receptor Beta Macrophage and Vascular Immune Microenvironment in Giant Cell Arteritis

Published on: February 8, 2019

Chronic granulomatous disease.

Hamid Nawaz Tipu¹, Tahir Aziz Ahmed, Salman Ali

¹Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Rawalpindi.

JPMA. the Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association

|October 14, 2008

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is a primary immunodeficiency causing recurrent infections. This report details an unusual case in an 8-year-old girl, highlighting diagnostic considerations for this rare presentation.

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Area of Science:

Immunology
Genetics
Pediatrics

Background:

Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is a primary immunodeficiency.
It is characterized by recurrent, severe infections.
CGD is typically X-linked, but autosomal recessive forms exist.

Observation:

An unusual case of an 8-year-old girl with CGD is presented.
The patient experienced recurrent infections characteristic of the disease.
The diagnosis was confirmed using the Nitroblue tetrazolium dye reduction test.

Findings:

The case highlights a rare presentation of CGD in a female patient.
This challenges the typical X-linked inheritance pattern observed in most CGD cases.
Diagnostic confirmation relied on the standard Nitroblue tetrazolium dye reduction test.

Implications:

This case underscores the importance of considering CGD in female patients with recurrent infections.
It emphasizes the need for comprehensive diagnostic approaches beyond typical inheritance patterns.
Understanding rare presentations aids in timely diagnosis and management of primary immunodeficiencies.