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Updated: Jun 29, 2026

An Image Guided Transapical Mitral Valve Leaflet Puncture Model of Controlled Volume Overload from Mitral Regurgitation in the Rat
Published on: May 19, 2020
Mitral valve regurgitation is a powerful factor of left ventricular hypertrophy
Ewa Szymczyk1, Karina Wierzbowska-Drabik, Jarosław Drozdz
12nd Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Łódź, Poland. ewa.rusiecka@gmail.com
Introduction:
Mitral valve regurgitation (MR) is a common abnormality found on echocardiography which in its advanced stage is a major cause of congestive heart failure. Cardiac remodeling associated with MR is caused by volume overload, dilatation and enlargement of the left ventricle and atrium.
Objectives:
The aim of the present study was to evaluate hemodynamic consequences of MR both for the cardiac chambers and hypertrophy.
Patients And Methods:
The study included 1432 patients (mean age 54 +/-15 years, male - 55%) with MR recorded in the transthoracic echocardiography database. Associations between the stage of MR and other variables in these patients were analyzed.
Results:
More advanced grades of MR were associated with progressive enlargement of left ventricular (LV) systolic and diastolic dimensions. LV ejection fraction (LVEF) was significantly decreasing with increased MR severity. A significant increase in the left atrial dimension and LV mass was observed. In multivariate regression analysis the grade of MR (p < 0.0001), age (p < 0.0001), endsystolic stress of LV (p < 0.0001), LV fractional shortening (p < 0.0001) and LVEF (p < 0.05) were found to be independently associated with LV mass. The strongest linear correlations were found between LV mass and endsystolic stress of LV (r = 0.52, p < 0.0001), the grade of MR (r = 0.32, p < 0.0001) and ejection fraction (r = -0.29, p < 0.0001).
Conclusions:
MR alters cardiac dimensions and function parameters and is also one of the strongest factors that increase LV hypertrophy.
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