Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Human Genetics01:28

Human Genetics

Human genetics provides a profound framework for understanding the interplay between genetic predispositions and human psychology. At the heart of this discipline lies the study of how genes influence physical traits, behaviors, and susceptibility to diseases. Each person carries a unique genetic code that subtly or significantly shapes their psychological and behavioral landscape.
The complex relationship between genetics and psychology is observable through common biological components such...
Pharmacogenetics of Drug Metabolism: Overview01:27

Pharmacogenetics of Drug Metabolism: Overview

Genetic polymorphism in drug metabolism is crucial to the inter-individual variability observed in drug responses. Drug metabolism primarily involves the chemical modification of drugs and other xenobiotics to enhance their elimination by increasing their polarity. Two main classes of enzymes mediate this biotransformation process: Phase I enzymes, primarily cytochrome P450s, catalyze oxidation and reduction reactions, while other enzymes, such as esterases, mediate hydrolysis, and Phase II...
Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics: Overview01:29

Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics: Overview

Pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics examine how genetic factors influence an individual's response to drugs. While pharmacogenetics focuses on the impact of specific genetic variants on drug effects, pharmacogenomics takes a broader approach, studying how genetic variation across populations contributes to differences in drug responses. These fields aim to explain why individuals may experience varying levels of efficacy or adverse reactions to the same medication.Variability in drug...
Pharmacogenetic Phenotypes: Alterations in Pharmacokinetics, Drug Targets and Biologic Milieu01:29

Pharmacogenetic Phenotypes: Alterations in Pharmacokinetics, Drug Targets and Biologic Milieu

Genetic variations significantly influence drug response through pharmacokinetics, receptor interactions, and biologic milieu modifications. Pharmacokinetic alterations impact drug metabolism and clearance, affecting efficacy and toxicity. Variants in drug-metabolizing enzymes, such as CYP2C9 and CYP2C19, alter drug activation and elimination. For example, CYP2C9 loss-of-function variants require lower warfarin doses to prevent excessive bleeding, while CYP2C19 variants reduce clopidogrel...
Epigenetic Regulation01:46

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
Epigenetic Regulation01:37

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Advancing personalised and precision nutrition.

Journal of nutritional science·2026
Same author

Associations between liking patterns for foods characterised by high/low fat content and sweet/savoury profiles and health outcomes: findings from the UK Biobank prospective cohort study.

The British journal of nutrition·2026
Same author

Goal orientation is a key determinant of healthy dietary behaviour change in European adults receiving personalised <i>vs.</i> non-personalised nutrition advice.

Food & function·2026
Same author

Recruitment and Retention of Rural-Dwelling Young Adults into a Digital Healthy Eating Intervention: Lessons Learned from a Randomized Controlled Trial of the <i>Veg4Me</i> Study.

Nutrients·2026
Same author

Adherence to the 2018 World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research Cancer Prevention Recommendations and survival in people with incident cancer in UK Biobank.

Cancer·2026
Same author

Health-related quality of life in adults receiving home parenteral nutrition: A multi-centre cross-sectional study.

Clinical nutrition ESPEN·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 29, 2026

Optimized Analysis of DNA Methylation and Gene Expression from Small, Anatomically-defined Areas of the Brain
13:11

Optimized Analysis of DNA Methylation and Gene Expression from Small, Anatomically-defined Areas of the Brain

Published on: July 12, 2012

Session 2: Personalised nutrition. Epigenomics: a basis for understanding individual differences?

John C Mathers1

  • 1Human Nutrition Research Centre, School of Clinical Medical Sciences, Institute for Ageing and Health, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK. john.mathers@ncl.ac.uk

The Proceedings of the Nutrition Society
|October 14, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Epigenetics involves genome modifications, like DNA methylation, that alter gene expression without changing DNA sequence. These epigenetic marks can record environmental exposures and influence disease risk and nutritional response.

More Related Videos

Sample Preparation to Bioinformatics Analysis of DNA Methylation: Association Strategy for Obesity and Related Trait Studies
14:56

Sample Preparation to Bioinformatics Analysis of DNA Methylation: Association Strategy for Obesity and Related Trait Studies

Published on: May 6, 2022

Dynamic Digital Biomarkers of Motor and Cognitive Function in Parkinson's Disease
10:28

Dynamic Digital Biomarkers of Motor and Cognitive Function in Parkinson's Disease

Published on: July 24, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 29, 2026

Optimized Analysis of DNA Methylation and Gene Expression from Small, Anatomically-defined Areas of the Brain
13:11

Optimized Analysis of DNA Methylation and Gene Expression from Small, Anatomically-defined Areas of the Brain

Published on: July 12, 2012

Sample Preparation to Bioinformatics Analysis of DNA Methylation: Association Strategy for Obesity and Related Trait Studies
14:56

Sample Preparation to Bioinformatics Analysis of DNA Methylation: Association Strategy for Obesity and Related Trait Studies

Published on: May 6, 2022

Dynamic Digital Biomarkers of Motor and Cognitive Function in Parkinson's Disease
10:28

Dynamic Digital Biomarkers of Motor and Cognitive Function in Parkinson's Disease

Published on: July 24, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Epigenetics

Background:

  • Epigenetics refers to heritable changes in gene expression without altering the DNA sequence.
  • Epigenetic marks include DNA methylation and histone modifications.
  • The epigenome represents the collective genome-wide epigenetic patterns.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the role of epigenetic marking in recording environmental exposures.
  • To understand how epigenetic changes influence gene expression and cell function.
  • To investigate the link between epigenetic diversity, aging, lifestyle, and disease risk.

Main Methods:

  • The study discusses epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation and histone post-translational modifications.
  • It reviews the concept of the epigenome and its dynamic nature.
  • Comparative analysis of epigenetic patterns in monozygotic twins with divergent lifestyles is considered.

Main Results:

  • Altered epigenetic marking is hypothesized to record environmental exposures, including diet.
  • Epigenetic marks can be maintained across cell generations, affecting gene expression and phenotype.
  • Epigenetic diversity increases with age and lifestyle divergence, even in genetically identical twins.

Conclusions:

  • Epigenetic modifications provide phenotypic plasticity within a fixed genotype.
  • Differences in epigenetic markings may explain individual variations in disease susceptibility.
  • Epigenetic patterns are crucial for understanding responses to environmental factors and nutritional interventions.