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Interventions to reduce pain during vaccination in infancy
Dilek Dilli1, Izzet Göker Küçük, Yildiz Dallar
1Department of Paediatrics, Ministry of Health, Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. dilekdilli2@yahoo.com
The Journal of Pediatrics
|October 14, 2008
Summary
Breast-feeding reduces vaccination pain in infants under six months. For older children, both sucrose solution and lidocaine-prilocaine cream effectively decrease pain during immunizations.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Pain Management
- Immunization Practices
Background:
- Vaccination is a critical preventive health measure for infants and children.
- Pain during vaccination can cause distress and lead to needle phobia.
- Effective pain management strategies are essential for positive healthcare experiences.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate interventions for reducing pain in infants and children during vaccinations.
- To compare the efficacy of breast-feeding, sucrose solution, and lidocaine-prilocaine cream for pain relief.
Main Methods:
- A randomized controlled trial involving 243 children aged 0-48 months undergoing routine vaccinations.
- Infants (<6 months) were assigned to breast-feeding or no breast-feeding.
- Older children (6-48 months) received 12% sucrose solution, lidocaine-prilocaine cream, or no intervention.
- Pain and crying time were assessed using validated scales (NIPS, CHEOPS).
Main Results:
- Breast-feeding significantly reduced pain and crying time in infants under six months.
- Sucrose solution and lidocaine-prilocaine cream significantly decreased pain and crying time in children aged 6-48 months.
- No significant difference in pain reduction was observed between sucrose and lidocaine-prilocaine treatments.
Conclusions:
- Breast-feeding demonstrates an analgesic effect in infants up to six months of age.
- Both 12% sucrose solution and lidocaine-prilocaine cream are effective in mitigating vaccination pain in older children.
- These findings support the use of non-pharmacological and pharmacological interventions to improve vaccination tolerance.
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