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Related Concept Videos

Working Memory01:24

Working Memory

Working memory refers to a combination of components, including short-term memory and attention, that allow an individual to hold information temporarily as we perform cognitive tasks. It is an essential cognitive function that enables the execution of complex tasks such as problem-solving, comprehension, and reasoning. Unlike short-term memory, which simply involves the storage of information for a brief period, working memory involves the active manipulation and processing of this information.
Role of Cerebellum and Prefrontal Cortex in Memory01:14

Role of Cerebellum and Prefrontal Cortex in Memory

The cerebellum, while traditionally associated with motor control, also plays a crucial role in memory, particularly in procedural memory, which involves learning motor tasks that become automatic through repetition. For example, studies have shown that when the cerebellum is damaged, individuals or animals lose the ability to learn conditioned motor responses, such as the conditioned eye-blink response in classical conditioning experiments with rabbits. This study demonstrates the cerebellum's...
Traumatic Brain Injury l: Introduction01:28

Traumatic Brain Injury l: Introduction

DefinitionTraumatic brain injury, or TBI, is a disturbance of normal brain function induced by an external mechanical force, such as a direct blow to the head or a penetrating injury. It can affect both brain structure and function, producing a wide range of clinical outcomes. TBI is a heterogeneous condition, meaning its effects may differ based on the type, location, and severity of the injury.Basis of ClassificationTBI is classified based on severity, injury mechanism, or pathophysiology. In...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 29, 2026

Use of an Eight-arm Radial Water Maze to Assess Working and Reference Memory Following Neonatal Brain Injury
08:09

Use of an Eight-arm Radial Water Maze to Assess Working and Reference Memory Following Neonatal Brain Injury

Published on: December 4, 2013

Working memory performance following paediatric traumatic brain injury.

Heather M Conklin1, Cynthia F Salorio, Beth S Slomine

  • 1Division of Behavioural Medicine, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA. heather.conklin@stjude.org

Brain Injury
|October 14, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Children with moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injuries show impaired working memory. Injury severity and cognitive ability predict outcomes, highlighting the need for targeted interventions.

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Last Updated: Jun 29, 2026

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Investigations on Alterations of Hippocampal Circuit Function Following Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
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Published on: November 19, 2012

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury
  • Neuropsychology
  • Cognitive Rehabilitation

Background:

  • Traumatic brain injury (TBI) in children can lead to persistent cognitive deficits.
  • Working memory is crucial for academic and daily functioning.
  • Understanding factors influencing working memory post-TBI is vital for intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate working memory in children with moderate-to-severe TBI.
  • To identify pre-injury, injury-related, and developmental predictors of working memory impairment.
  • To compare working memory performance to normative data.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed working memory in 62 children using digit span backward (performance measure).
  • Utilized parent-reported Behaviour Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF) for rater-based assessment.
  • Employed regression analyses to identify predictive factors.

Main Results:

  • Working memory was significantly impaired in the TBI group compared to normative samples.
  • Injury severity, time since injury, and overall cognitive ability predicted working memory performance.
  • No significant correlation was found between performance-based and rater-based working memory measures.

Conclusions:

  • Both performance and parent-report measures detect cognitive dysfunction after pediatric TBI.
  • Clinical and demographic factors can predict working memory outcomes.
  • Findings inform interventions and caregiver education for children with TBI.