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The Colloidal State

The Colloidal State

The formation of a colloidal system is exemplified by an aqueous solution containing Cl− ions is introduced to another containing Ag+ ions, resulting in the precipitation of solid AgCl as extremely tiny crystals. Instead of settling out as a filterable precipitate, these crystals remain suspended in the liquid, showcasing a colloidal system.A colloidal system involves colloidal particles within the approximate range of 1 to 1000 nm in at least one dimension, dispersed in a medium called the...

Colloids and Suspensions

Colloids and Suspensions

Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles visible to the naked eye or seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. The suspended particles in a suspension settle out after some time of mixing. The separation of particles from a suspension is...

Colloidal precipitates

Colloidal precipitates

The high insolubility of some precipitates can result in an unfavorable relative supersaturation. This can lead to colloidal particles with a large surface-to-mass ratio, where adsorption is promoted. For instance, in the precipitation of silver chloride, silver ions are adsorbed on the surface of the colloidal particles, forming a primary layer. This layer attracts ions of opposite charge (such as nitrate ions), forming a diffuse secondary layer of adsorbed ions. This electric double layer...

Colloids

Colloids

Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles that are visible to the naked eye or can be seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. On the other hand, a solution is a homogeneous mixture in which no settling occurs and in which the dissolved...

Structures of Solids

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Solids in which the atoms, ions, or molecules are arranged in a definite repeating pattern are known as crystalline solids. Metals and ionic compounds typically form ordered, crystalline solids. A crystalline solid has a precise melting temperature because each atom or molecule of the same type is held in place with the same forces or energy. Amorphous solids or non-crystalline solids (or, sometimes, glasses) which lack an ordered internal structure and are randomly arranged. Substances that...

Crystal Growth: Principles of Crystallization

Crystal Growth: Principles of Crystallization

Crystallization is a phase transformation process in which crystals are precipitated from a supersaturated solution or formed from other sources. During crystallization, atoms or molecules arrange themselves into a well-defined, rigid crystal lattice to minimize energy.
Initiating crystallization involves manipulating the concentration of the solute and the temperature of the solution. Since crystal growth occurs when the ratio of concentration and solubility of the solute in the solvent – the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 29, 2026

Cooling Rate Dependent Ellipsometry Measurements to Determine the Dynamics of Thin Glassy Films

Cooling Rate Dependent Ellipsometry Measurements to Determine the Dynamics of Thin Glassy Films

Published on: January 26, 2016

Dynamics and structure of an aging binary colloidal glass.

Jennifer M Lynch¹, Gianguido C Cianci, Eric R Weeks

¹Department of Physics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA.

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics

|October 15, 2008

Summary

Aging in colloidal glasses is driven by cooperative particle motion. Smaller particles accelerate the movement of both small and large particles within these mobile regions, influencing glass aging dynamics.

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Last Updated: Jun 29, 2026

Cooling Rate Dependent Ellipsometry Measurements to Determine the Dynamics of Thin Glassy Films

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Confocal Imaging of Confined Quiescent and Flowing Colloid-polymer Mixtures

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Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses

Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses

Published on: June 7, 2018

Area of Science:

Colloid and Surface Science
Materials Science
Soft Matter Physics

Background:

Colloidal suspensions form glassy states at high concentrations.
Aging in glasses involves slow structural relaxation and dynamics.
Understanding particle dynamics is key to comprehending glass aging.

Purpose of the Study:

Investigate aging dynamics in a binary colloidal glass.
Correlate particle size, motion, and structural organization with aging.
Elucidate the role of particle size heterogeneity in glass aging.

Main Methods:

Utilized fast laser scanning confocal microscopy for real-time 3D imaging.
Studied colloidal suspensions with micron-sized particles of two distinct sizes.
Analyzed particle motion and spatial organization within the colloidal glass.

Main Results:

Observed spatially heterogeneous cooperative motion of particles.
Identified mobile regions enriched in smaller particles.
Demonstrated that smaller particles facilitate the motion of both small and large neighbors.

Conclusions:

Particle size heterogeneity significantly impacts colloidal glass aging.
Cooperative motion in mobile regions, facilitated by smaller particles, drives aging.
Findings offer insights into the fundamental mechanisms of glass transition and aging.