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Morphological phases of crumpled wire.

N Stoop¹, F K Wittel, H J Herrmann

¹Computational Physics for Engineering Materials, ETH Zurich, Schafmattstrasse 6, HIF, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland.

Physical Review Letters

|October 15, 2008

Summary

Metallic wires in 2D crumple into distinct shapes, forming a phase diagram. Their bulk stiffness diverges with increasing loop formation during this process.

Area of Science:

Physics
Materials Science
Complex Systems

Background:

Understanding the mechanical properties and structural transformations of low-dimensional materials is crucial.
The crumpling of objects, such as wires and membranes, is a complex phenomenon with implications in various fields.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the morphologies of two-dimensional metallic wires during crumpling.
To establish a morphological phase diagram for crumpled wires.
To analyze the relationship between loop formation and structural properties.

Main Methods:

Experimental investigation using various metallic wires.
Numerical simulations employing a discrete element model.
Analysis of morphological changes and bulk stiffness.

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Main Results:

Identified distinct morphologies for crumpled wires in two dimensions.
Developed an associated morphological phase diagram.
Observed an increase in loop formation during crumpling, following a power law with morphology-dependent exponents.
Detected a power law divergence in bulk stiffness, analogous to forced crumpling of membranes.

Conclusions:

The crumpling of 2D wires results in diverse morphologies governed by specific phase transitions.
Loop formation is a key factor in the mechanical response, exhibiting power-law scaling.
The observed stiffness behavior suggests universal principles in the crumpling of reduced-dimensionality structures.