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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 29, 2026

Fabrication of Uniform Nanoscale Cavities via Silicon Direct Wafer Bonding

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Published on: January 9, 2014

Local stress and superfluid properties of solid 4He.

L Pollet¹, M Boninsegni, A B Kuklov

¹Theoretische Physik, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland.

Physical Review Letters

|October 15, 2008

Summary

Certain defects in solid helium-4 (4He) can become superfluid under stress, enabling mass superflow. This finding challenges the notion that only ideal crystals exhibit such properties.

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Area of Science:

Condensed Matter Physics
Quantum Fluids and Solids

Background:

Ideal solid helium-4 (4He) crystals are not supersolid.
Defects in crystalline structures can alter material properties.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate whether defects in solid 4He can support mass superflow.
To develop a tool for analyzing defect behavior in 4He.

Main Methods:

Utilizing first-principles simulations to derive a semiquantitative tool.
Analyzing the effect of moderate stress on vacancy creation in 4He.

Main Results:

The gap for vacancy creation closes under moderate stress.
Homogeneous systems become unstable at this stress threshold.
Stressed cores of crystalline defects, such as dislocations and grain boundaries, can exhibit superfluidity.

Conclusions:

Defects in solid 4He can become superfluid under specific stress conditions.
This superfluidity in defects allows for mass superflow, a phenomenon not observed in ideal 4He crystals.