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Related Concept Videos

Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling01:31

Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling

Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during bone...
Depression: Overview01:18

Depression: Overview

Depression is a prevalent mental illness marked by persistent sadness and lack of interest in previously enjoyable activities. It can take several forms, including major depression, persistent depressive disorder, and bipolar I and II disorders. Symptoms range from emotional changes like chronic worry to physical changes like sleep disturbances and suicidal thoughts. From a neurobiological perspective, depression is believed to be triggered by abnormalities in the brain's prefrontal cortex,...
Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health01:25

Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health

The growth and maintenance of bone are regulated by a combination of nutritional factors, including vitamins, such as vitamin A, B12, C, D, and K.
Vitamin A
Vitamin A is involved in the process of bone remodeling. Retinoic acid, the active metabolite of Vitamin A, has nuclear receptors in osteoblasts and osteoclasts, which are involved in bone remodeling.
Vitamin B12
Vitamin B12 acts as a cofactor during the formation of osteoblast-related proteins, such as osteocalcin. Vitamin B12 plays a role...
Hormones and Bone Tissue01:17

Hormones and Bone Tissue

The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
Hormones That Influence Osteoblasts and/or Maintain the Matrix
Several hormones are necessary for controlling bone growth and maintaining the bone matrix. The pituitary gland secretes growth hormone (GH), which, as its name implies, controls bone growth. This happens in several ways: first, it triggers chondrocyte...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 29, 2026

Murine Hind Limb Long Bone Dissection and Bone Marrow Isolation
07:17

Murine Hind Limb Long Bone Dissection and Bone Marrow Isolation

Published on: April 14, 2016

Depression and bone metabolism. A review.

Lana J Williams1, Julie A Pasco, Felice N Jacka

  • 1Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences: Barwon Health, University of Melbourne, Geelong, Vic. Australia. lanaw@barwonhealth.org.au

Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics
|October 15, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Depression is linked to lower bone mineral density, potentially due to lifestyle factors and hormonal changes. Further research is needed to confirm the depression-osteoporosis connection.

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Last Updated: Jun 29, 2026

Murine Hind Limb Long Bone Dissection and Bone Marrow Isolation
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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Endocrinology
  • Bone Metabolism

Background:

  • Low bone mineral density is common in psychiatric disorders.
  • Depression is frequently associated with reduced bone mineral density.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Review evidence linking depression and bone mineral density.
  • Identify potential mechanisms behind this association.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search of PubMed and Web of Science (1994-2007).
  • Keywords included depression, osteoporosis, bone mineral density, HPA axis, and lifestyle factors.
  • Reference lists of selected articles were also reviewed.

Main Results:

  • Research indicates a link between depression and osteoporosis.
  • Factors include medication, lifestyle, and endocrine/immune alterations.
  • These alterations may influence bone metabolism.

Conclusions:

  • The association between depression and osteoporosis requires further longitudinal study.
  • Understanding the mechanisms is crucial.
  • Findings are clinically relevant due to the health burden of both conditions.