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Related Concept Videos

Gene Therapy00:59

Gene Therapy

Gene therapy is a technique where a gene is inserted into a person’s cells to prevent or treat a serious disease. The added gene may be a healthy version of the gene that is mutated in the patient, or it could be a different gene that inactivates or compensates for the patient’s disease-causing gene. For example, in patients with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) due to a mutation in the gene for the enzyme adenosine deaminase, a functioning version of the gene can be inserted. The...
Types of Genetic Transfer Between Organisms02:18

Types of Genetic Transfer Between Organisms

Genetic transfer occurs when genetic information is passed from one organism to another. It occurs via two mechanisms: vertical gene transfer and horizontal gene transfer. Vertical gene transfer occurs when genetic information is transferred from one generation to the next, which happens much more frequently than horizontal gene transfer. Both sexual and asexual reproduction are forms of vertical gene transfer, where one or more organisms pass some or all of their genome onto their progeny.
Types of Genetic Transfer Between Organisms02:18

Types of Genetic Transfer Between Organisms

Genetic transfer occurs when genetic information is passed from one organism to another. It occurs via two mechanisms: vertical gene transfer and horizontal gene transfer. Vertical gene transfer occurs when genetic information is transferred from one generation to the next, which happens much more frequently than horizontal gene transfer. Both sexual and asexual reproduction are forms of vertical gene transfer, where one or more organisms pass some or all of their genome onto their progeny.
In-vitro Mutagenesis01:16

In-vitro Mutagenesis

To learn more about the function of a gene, researchers can observe what happens when the gene is inactivated or “knocked out,” by creating genetically engineered knockout animals. Knockout mice have been particularly useful as models for human diseases such as cancer, Parkinson’s disease, and diabetes.
Transgenic Organisms00:53

Transgenic Organisms

Overview

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 29, 2026

Electroporation of Plasmid DNA into Mouse Skeletal Muscle
06:20

Electroporation of Plasmid DNA into Mouse Skeletal Muscle

Published on: April 6, 2022

Muscular gene transfer using nonviral vectors.

Serge Braun1

  • 1AFM (Association Française contre les Myopathies), 1 rue de l'Internationale, 91002 EVRY Cedex, France. sbraun@afm.genethon.fr

Current Gene Therapy
|October 16, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Nonviral vectors offer a promising alternative for skeletal muscle gene therapy, despite current efficiency challenges. Improved synthetic vectors and delivery methods are crucial for successful clinical applications in various disorders.

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DNA Transfection of Mammalian Skeletal Muscles using In Vivo Electroporation
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DNA Transfection of Mammalian Skeletal Muscles using In Vivo Electroporation

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Last Updated: Jun 29, 2026

Electroporation of Plasmid DNA into Mouse Skeletal Muscle
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Transplantation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-derived Mesoangioblast-like Myogenic Progenitors in Mouse Models of Muscle Regeneration
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DNA Transfection of Mammalian Skeletal Muscles using In Vivo Electroporation
15:56

DNA Transfection of Mammalian Skeletal Muscles using In Vivo Electroporation

Published on: October 19, 2009

Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Gene Therapy

Background:

  • Skeletal muscle is a key target for gene therapy of diverse disorders.
  • Gene transfer studies have advanced from reporter genes to therapeutic proteins.
  • Viral vectors are efficient but pose safety and production challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review advancements in plasmid-based nonviral gene delivery to muscles.
  • To highlight the potential and limitations of nonviral vectors in muscle gene therapy.
  • To discuss current clinical applications and future directions for skeletal muscle gene therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on nonviral gene transfer methods for skeletal muscle.
  • Analysis of experimental and clinical studies focusing on plasmid-based vectors.
  • Discussion of vector efficiency, safety, and clinical applicability.

Main Results:

  • Nonviral vectors allow transfer of large genetic structures, offering flexibility.
  • Despite progress, nonviral vector efficiency remains a significant hurdle for clinical success.
  • Current clinical applications focus on peripheral ischemia, vaccines, and Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

Conclusions:

  • Nonviral vectors are a viable alternative to viral vectors for muscle gene therapy.
  • Enhanced synthetic vectors and delivery techniques are essential for clinical translation.
  • Further research is needed to optimize nonviral gene delivery for widespread therapeutic use.