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Related Concept Videos

Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction01:19

Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that affects the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves. It is an inflammatory demyelinating disorder and a leading cause of neurological disability in young adults.EpidemiologyMS commonly begins between 20 and 40 years of age and is twice as common in women. Its exact cause remains unclear, but genetic susceptibility contributes, with higher risk in first-degree relatives and identical twins. A greater...
Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Biologic Agents: Anti-TNF01:24

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Biologic Agents: Anti-TNF

Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF), a proinflammatory cytokine, contributes significantly to the inflammation seen in Crohn's disease. It exists as soluble TNF and membrane-bound TNF, with actions mediated through TNF receptors (TNFR). TNFR activation leads to the release of proinflammatory cytokines, T-cell activation, collagen production, and leukocyte migration, all contributing to inflammation in Crohn's disease. Anti-TNF monoclonal antibodies, namely infliximab (Remicade), adalimumab (Humira),...
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Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Glucocorticoids

Glucocorticoids, a class of anti-inflammatory drugs, are pivotal in treating moderate to severe Crohn's disease by inducing remission. They exhibit their anti-inflammatory action by inhibiting the production of inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1, and chemokines like IL-8. In addition, they reduce the expression of inflammatory cell adhesion molecules and inhibit gene transcription of nitric oxide synthase, phospholipase A2, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2),...
Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents01:29

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents

Crohn's disease is an inflammatory bowel disorder marked by chronic inflammation of the GI tract. Various treatment strategies for Crohn's disease are employed, such as immunomodulatory agents, glucocorticoids, and biologics or anti-TNF therapy. Azathioprine (Imuran), a commonly used immunomodulatory drug for Crohn's disease, is converted in the body to mercaptopurine, which inhibits purine biosynthesis and cell proliferation. Both are utilized in severe cases of Inflammatory Bowel Disease...
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Myasthenia Gravis: Overview and Treatment

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 29, 2026

Quantification of Autoreactive Antibodies in Mice upon Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
05:55

Quantification of Autoreactive Antibodies in Mice upon Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

Published on: December 1, 2023

Cladribine tablets' potential in multiple: sclerosis treatment.

Kathleen Costello1, Jack C Sipe

  • 1Maryland Center for Multiple Sclerosis Treatment and Research, University of Maryland, Baltimore, USA. KCostello@som.umaryland.edu

The Journal of Neuroscience Nursing : Journal of the American Association of Neuroscience Nurses
|October 17, 2008
PubMed
Summary

New cladribine tablets offer a potential oral treatment for relapsing multiple sclerosis (MS). This therapy targets lymphocytes, addressing unmet needs for improved efficacy and administration routes in MS management.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 29, 2026

Quantification of Autoreactive Antibodies in Mice upon Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
05:55

Quantification of Autoreactive Antibodies in Mice upon Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

Published on: December 1, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Neuroimmunology
  • Pharmacology
  • Clinical Therapeutics

Background:

  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a central nervous system inflammatory and neurodegenerative disease.
  • T and B lymphocytes play a significant role in MS pathogenesis.
  • Current MS treatments face challenges in efficacy, safety, and administration routes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate cladribine tablets as a novel oral therapy for relapsing forms of MS.
  • To explore cladribine's potential as a preferential lymphocyte-depleting agent.
  • To highlight the role of nurses in monitoring new MS therapies like cladribine.

Main Methods:

  • Phase III clinical development of oral cladribine tablets for relapsing MS.
  • Utilizing cladribine's known lymphocyte-depleting properties.
  • Intermittent, once-daily oral dosing regimen.

Main Results:

  • Cladribine tablets demonstrate potential as the first oral agent for relapsing MS.
  • Parenteral cladribine has established clinical experience in various conditions, including MS.
  • Ongoing phase III trials are assessing the efficacy and safety of cladribine tablets.

Conclusions:

  • Cladribine tablets represent a promising advancement in oral MS treatment.
  • The drug's lymphocyte-depleting mechanism addresses key aspects of MS pathology.
  • Healthcare professionals, particularly nurses, will be vital in managing patients on cladribine therapy.