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A paravaccinia virus isolated from cattle.

C R Rossi, G K Kiesel, M H Jong

    The Cornell Veterinarian
    |January 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary
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    A novel paravaccinia virus, 44-M-E482, was isolated from a calf with respiratory disease. This virus did not induce significant illness or antibody response in experimentally inoculated calves, suggesting a weak pathogenic potential.

    Area of Science:

    • Veterinary Virology
    • Infectious Diseases of Cattle

    Background:

    • Acute respiratory tract disease is a significant concern in calves.
    • Viral agents are often implicated in bovine respiratory illnesses.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To isolate and characterize viral agents from calves with acute respiratory tract disease.
    • To investigate the biological and physical properties of a specific isolate, 44-M-E482.
    • To assess the pathogenicity and immunogenicity of isolate 44-M-E482 in calves.

    Main Methods:

    • Virus isolation attempts were performed using bovine embryonic lung cell cultures.
    • Biological and physical properties were used for virus characterization.
    • Experimental inoculation of calves via oral mucosa, skin, nasal cavity, and pharynx was conducted.

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  • Serum neutralizing antibody titers were measured in convalescent and experimentally inoculated calves.

    • Main Results:

    • A paravaccinia virus, designated 44-M-E482, was successfully isolated from a calf exhibiting oral lesions and respiratory disease.
    • The isolated virus did not elicit a detectable serum neutralizing antibody response in the convalescent calf or in experimentally inoculated calves.
    • Low-titer serum neutralizing antibody was produced in only one calf following multiple intravenous injections of the virus.
    • Inoculation of calves with 44-M-E482 did not result in observable illness or lesions.

    Conclusions:

    • Paravaccinia virus 44-M-E482 appears to have limited pathogenicity and immunogenicity in experimentally inoculated calves.
    • The relationship of isolate 44-M-E482 to other viruses causing bovine papular stomatitis and pseudocowpox warrants further investigation.