Pathologic analysis of photothermal and photomechanical effects of laser-tissue interactions

Pathologic analysis of the biologic effects and mechanisms of laser-tissue interactions requires correlation of the irradiation parameters with the biologic status and response of the target tissues over time. The photobiologic mechanisms of laser-induced tissue injury can be separated into three categories, photochemical, photothermal and photomechanical. Anatomic pathologic analysis of laser-induced lesions reveals alterations that represent either specific markers of the photobiologic mechanism or non-specific reactions to tissue injury. Repair, regeneration and wound healing of laser induced lesions appear to be non-specific responses to the type of tissue damage rather than the photobiologic mechanism producing the lesion.