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Skin exposure and thyroid dose distribution using niobium filtration
C M Byrne1, M J Pharoah, R E Wood
1Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto.
Journal (Canadian Dental Association)
|August 1, 1991
Summary
Adding a niobium filter to dental X-ray units significantly reduced skin radiation dose by 14.8%. However, this filter did not lower thyroid dose and even increased it in some areas.
Area of Science:
- Medical Physics
- Radiology
- Dosimetry
Background:
- Dental radiography utilizes X-rays for diagnosis.
- Aluminum filters are standard in X-ray units to reduce radiation dose.
- Accessory filters are explored to further optimize radiation protection.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the effectiveness of a niobium-based accessory filter in reducing radiation dose during dental radiography.
- To compare the radiation dose reduction provided by a niobium filter versus a conventional aluminum filter.
Main Methods:
- A thermoluminescent dosimetry system was employed.
- Radiation dose measurements were taken using a tissue-equivalent human phantom.
- Two-bitewing dental X-ray exposures were performed with and without the niobium filter.
Main Results:
- The niobium filter significantly reduced skin exposure by 14.8% (p < 0.001).
- No significant reduction in thyroid radiation dose was observed with the niobium filter.
- A significant increase in thyroid dose was noted in specific regions.
Conclusions:
- Niobium filters can effectively reduce skin dose in dental radiography.
- Niobium filters do not offer protection for the thyroid gland and may increase dose in certain areas.
- Further research is needed to optimize filter design for comprehensive radiation dose reduction.