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Ras oncogene mutations in benign and malignant thyroid neoplasms.

H Karga1, J K Lee, A L Vickery

  • 1Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston 02114.

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
|October 11, 1991
PubMed
Summary

Ras gene mutations are uncommon in thyroid neoplasms. This study found few mutations in benign and malignant thyroid tumors, suggesting further research is needed to link N-ras 61 mutations to aggressive follicular cancer.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Tumorigenesis involves genetic alterations.
  • Ras gene mutations are implicated in various human cancers, including thyroid cancer.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the frequency of activating ras oncogene mutations (codons 12, 13, and 61) in benign and malignant thyroid neoplasms.
  • To explore potential associations between ras mutations and clinical outcomes, such as bone metastases in follicular carcinoma.

Main Methods:

  • Genomic DNA was extracted from thyroid tissue samples (n=38), including follicular adenomas, follicular carcinomas, and papillary carcinomas.
  • DNA was amplified using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
  • Mutations were screened using oligonucleotide-specific hybridization.

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Main Results:

  • No ras mutations were detected in follicular adenomas (n=9).
  • Ras mutations were found in 2 of 14 follicular carcinomas (N-ras 61), both associated with bone metastases.
  • One of 15 papillary carcinomas harbored a ras mutation (H-ras 12).
  • Overall, ras mutations were relatively infrequent in the studied thyroid neoplasms.

Conclusions:

  • Ras mutations appear to be uncommon in both benign and malignant thyroid neoplasms.
  • The N-ras 61 mutation may be associated with aggressive follicular thyroid cancer, but larger studies are needed.
  • Further research is required to confirm the role of ras mutations in thyroid cancer progression and clinical behavior.