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The masseteric reflex evoked by tooth and denture tapping.

P Brodin1, F Fløystrand, J Orstavik

  • 1Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Oslo, Norway.

Journal of Oral Rehabilitation
|July 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary
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Immediate dentures alter the masseter reflex response to tooth tapping. Mucosal mechanoreceptors under the denture may compensate for lost periodontal input, influencing reflex pathways.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Dental Prosthetics

Background:

  • The masseter reflex, crucial for mastication, is typically modulated by periodontal mechanoreceptors in natural teeth.
  • Immediate dentures replace teeth instantly but alter the sensory input to the trigeminal system.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the masseter reflex evoked by tapping natural incisors versus immediate denture teeth.
  • To investigate the impact of immediate denture insertion and relining on reflex characteristics.

Main Methods:

  • Electromyography (EMG) was used to record the masseter reflex.
  • Tapping stimuli were applied to maxillary incisors and then to corresponding immediate denture teeth.
  • Thresholds for inhibitory (I-1, I-2, I-3) and excitatory phases were measured before and after denture insertion and after relining.

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Main Results:

  • Averaged EMG revealed three inhibitory phases (I-1, I-2, I-3) followed by excitation.
  • Denture insertion increased the tapping force thresholds for all inhibitory phases and the latency for I-1.
  • Relining the denture decreased the threshold for the I-1 phase.

Conclusions:

  • Mucosal mechanoreceptors beneath the denture base can functionally substitute for periodontal mechanoreceptors in evoking the masseter reflex.
  • These mucosal afferents likely connect to the same central interneurons as periodontal afferents.