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[Pituitary apoplexy and empty sella].

J Montalbán¹, R Simó, J Sumalla

¹Sección de Endocrinología, Hospital General Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona.

Medicina Clinica

|June 15, 1991

Summary

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Pituitary apoplexy (PA) can lead to empty sella (ES) and global anterior pituitary failure. Early glucocorticoid therapy may prevent the need for surgery in PA patients.

Area of Science:

Endocrinology
Neurology
Radiology

Background:

Pituitary apoplexy (PA) is a rare condition often linked to empty sella (ES).
Previous diagnoses of PA relied heavily on patient history (anamnesis).
This study prospectively investigated PA during the acute episode.

Observation:

Three patients diagnosed with PA during the acute event were studied.
Hormone levels and CT scans were monitored periodically.
None of the patients required surgical intervention.

Findings:

All three patients developed global anterior pituitary failure.
Empty sella (ES) was observed in all patients within 6 to 18 months post-PA.
The study suggests a causal link between PA and subsequent ES.

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Implications:

Pituitary apoplexy may be a direct cause of global anterior pituitary failure and empty sella.
Prompt medical management with glucocorticoids could potentially avert surgical treatment.
Further research is needed due to the rarity of PA for definitive conclusions.