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Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation

Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation

The biological clock is involved in many aspects of regulating complex physiology in all animals. It was in 1935 when German zoologists, Hans Kalmus and Erwin Bünning, discovered the existence of circadian rhythm in Drosophila melanogaster. However, the internal molecular mechanisms behind the circadian clock remained a mystery until 1984, when Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash, and Michael W. Young discovered the expression of the Per gene oscillating over a 24-hour cycle. In subsequent years,...

Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation

Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation

The biological clock is involved in many aspects of regulating complex physiology in all animals. It was in 1935 when German zoologists, Hans Kalmus and Erwin Bünning, discovered the existence of circadian rhythm in Drosophila melanogaster. However, the internal molecular mechanisms behind the circadian clock remained a mystery until 1984, when Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash, and Michael W. Young discovered the expression of the Per gene oscillating over a 24-hour cycle. In subsequent years,...

Chronopharmacokinetics: Circadian Rhythms and Influence on Drug Response

Chronopharmacokinetics: Circadian Rhythms and Influence on Drug Response

Circadian rhythms are cyclic changes that are crucial in plasma drug concentrations. Various standard circadian parameters, including core body temperature, heart rate, and other cardiovascular factors, directly impact disease states and the therapeutic response to drug therapy.
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Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

An ischemic stroke occurs when a cerebral blood vessel becomes obstructed, most often by a thrombus or embolus, interrupting the delivery of oxygen and glucose to brain tissue. Because neurons rely on continuous aerobic metabolism, energy failure begins within minutes of reduced perfusion. The region receiving the least blood flow becomes the infarct core, an area of irreversible cellular death. Surrounding this core lies the penumbra, a zone of hypoperfused but still viable tissue that is...

Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction

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Ischemic stroke is an acute cerebrovascular condition in which blood flow to a brain region is suddenly interrupted, leading to tissue infarction. Neurons depend on continuous oxygen and glucose supply, so even brief reductions in perfusion cause energy failure, ionic imbalance, and irreversible injury. Ischemic strokes are classified into thrombotic and embolic types based on their underlying mechanisms.Thrombotic MechanismsThrombotic stroke develops when a clot forms within a cerebral artery.

Stroke: Introduction and Types

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A stroke is an acute neurological event caused by the sudden disruption of cerebral blood flow, leading to rapid loss of neuronal function. Neurons depend on continuous oxygen and glucose supply, so even brief interruptions can cause irreversible injury within minutes. Strokes are classified into ischemic and hemorrhagic types.Ischemic StrokeIschemic strokes are most common and occur due to arterial occlusion, depriving brain tissue of oxygen and nutrients. This leads to energy failure, ionic...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Simultaneous Photothrombosis and Fiber Photometry to Induce and Monitor Ischemic Stroke in Behaving Mice

Simultaneous Photothrombosis and Fiber Photometry to Induce and Monitor Ischemic Stroke in Behaving Mice

Published on: November 14, 2025

Ischemic stroke destabilizes circadian rhythms.

He Meng¹, Tiecheng Liu, Jimo Borjigin

¹Department of Neurology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA. micwang@umich.edu.

Journal of Circadian Rhythms

|October 17, 2008

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Stroke immediately alters circadian rhythms, specifically the timing of melatonin secretion in rats. This study highlights how neurological diseases disrupt the body's internal clock, impacting daily physiological functions.

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Through-the-Wall Blood Sampling Method to Minimize Sleep Disruption in Clinical Settings

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Last Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Simultaneous Photothrombosis and Fiber Photometry to Induce and Monitor Ischemic Stroke in Behaving Mice

Simultaneous Photothrombosis and Fiber Photometry to Induce and Monitor Ischemic Stroke in Behaving Mice

Published on: November 14, 2025

Through-the-Wall Blood Sampling Method to Minimize Sleep Disruption in Clinical Settings

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Published on: June 13, 2025

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Chronobiology

Background:

The central circadian pacemaker regulates daily physiological rhythms.
Environmental light strongly influences circadian rhythms, but disease effects are less understood.
Ischemic stroke's impact on circadian rhythms requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the effect of ischemic stroke on circadian rhythms in rats.
To analyze changes in melatonin secretion timing following stroke.
To utilize high-resolution pineal microdialysis for assessing circadian function.

Main Methods:

Rats were housed in a 12:12 hour light:dark cycle and monitored via pineal microdialysis.
Experimental ischemic stroke was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion.
Melatonin secretion timing (onset, offset, duration) was measured before and after stroke.

Main Results:

Stroke caused immediate and varied shifts in melatonin secretion timing.
Melatonin rhythms showed prolonged instability and day-to-day alternations post-stroke.
Infarct size did not correlate with the direction or magnitude of melatonin phase shifts.

Conclusions:

Stroke induces immediate changes in pineal melatonin secretion timing.
Cortical and basal ganglia infarction impact circadian melatonin rhythms.
Pineal microdialysis is effective for studying neurological disease effects on circadian function.