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Related Concept Videos

Atherosclerosis I: Introduction01:30

Atherosclerosis I: Introduction

Atherosclerosis is a progressive disorder characterized by the buildup of plaques on the arterial inner wall, causing them to narrow and harden over time. These plaques comprise lipids, calcium, blood components, carbohydrates, and fibrous tissue. The process primarily affects the intima of large and medium-sized arteries, reducing blood flow in any artery.Etiology and risk factorsThe cause of atherosclerosis is multifactorial, involving a complex interplay among endothelial injury, lipid...
Atherosclerosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Tests01:27

Atherosclerosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Tests

Atherosclerosis is a progressive disorder that leads to the thickening and narrowing of arterial walls due to plaque buildup. This condition can cause various symptoms depending on the arteries affected:Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): This condition affects the coronary arteries and may lead to chest pain (angina), shortness of breath (dyspnea), heart attacks, and other heart disease symptoms.Cerebrovascular Disease: This affects blood flow to the brain, causing transient ischemic attacks (TIAs)...
Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) predominantly results from atherosclerosis, which involves the accumulation of fatty deposits, or plaques, within the walls of arteries. This causes them to narrow and harden, significantly reducing blood flow. PAD predominantly affects the legs, particularly the arteries supplying the thighs and calves. In rare cases, it may involve other arteries, including those in the arms.Etiology of PAD:The principal cause of PAD is atherosclerosis, which results from fatty...
Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology01:26

Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) originates from a series of events that impair the function of coronary arteries, the blood vessels responsible for delivering oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle. The pathophysiology of CAD is closely linked to atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory and lipid-driven condition affecting the vascular endothelium.1. Endothelial DamageThe process begins with damage to the vascular endothelium, which serves as a protective barrier between the blood and the vessel...
Atherosclerosis III: Management01:26

Atherosclerosis III: Management

Management of atherosclerosis involves an integrated strategy encompassing pharmacological treatment, surgical interventions, lifestyle changes, and nutrition therapy to address the multifactorial nature of the disease.Pharmacological TherapyA cornerstone of atherosclerosis management is the use of pharmacological agents. Statins, such as atorvastatin, are pivotal in inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, an enzyme that catalyzes an initial step in cholesterol synthesis in the liver. This reduction in...
Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): An Overview with Scientific InsightsCoronary Artery Disease (CAD), often referred to as C-A-D, is a prevalent blood vessel disorder classified under the broader category of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a pathological process characterized by the hardening and narrowing of arteries due to the accumulation of atherosclerotic plaques. These plaques are composed of cholesterol, fatty substances, inflammatory cells, calcium, and fibrin, reducing blood flow to...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Measuring Ascending Aortic Stiffness In Vivo in Mice Using Ultrasound
10:08

Measuring Ascending Aortic Stiffness In Vivo in Mice Using Ultrasound

Published on: December 2, 2014

Atherosclerosis progression affects the relationship between endothelial function and aortic stiffness.

Grzegorz Kopeć1, Piotr Podolec, Jakub Podolec

  • 1Department of Cardiac and Vascular Diseases of the Jagiellonian University in John Paul II Hospital, Krakow, Poland. gkopec@szpitaljp2.krakow.pl

Atherosclerosis
|October 17, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Endothelial function impacts aortic stiffness in patients without advanced atherosclerosis. However, this relationship is limited in those with significant coronary artery stenosis, suggesting atherosclerosis progression hinders the effect.

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Measuring the Stiffness of Ex Vivo Mouse Aortas Using Atomic Force Microscopy
10:35

Measuring the Stiffness of Ex Vivo Mouse Aortas Using Atomic Force Microscopy

Published on: October 19, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Measuring Ascending Aortic Stiffness In Vivo in Mice Using Ultrasound
10:08

Measuring Ascending Aortic Stiffness In Vivo in Mice Using Ultrasound

Published on: December 2, 2014

Measuring the Stiffness of Ex Vivo Mouse Aortas Using Atomic Force Microscopy
10:35

Measuring the Stiffness of Ex Vivo Mouse Aortas Using Atomic Force Microscopy

Published on: October 19, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular physiology
  • Vascular biology
  • Hypertension research

Background:

  • Aortic stiffening significantly contributes to systolic hypertension and cardiovascular disease burden.
  • Endothelial dysfunction is linked to arterial stiffening in healthy individuals and those with cardiovascular risk factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the selective association between endothelial function and aortic stiffness in the aorta.
  • To determine if this association extends to patients with advanced atherosclerosis.

Main Methods:

  • Direct measurement of aortic pulse wave velocity (aPWV) for aortic stiffness.
  • Brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation (bFMD) tests for endothelial function assessment.
  • Coronary artery stenosis (CAS) presence/absence determined by angiography in 111 patients.

Main Results:

  • Patients with advanced atherosclerosis (72) showed lower bFMD and higher aPWV compared to those without significant CAS (39).
  • An inverse association between bFMD and aPWV was observed exclusively in patients without advanced atherosclerosis (r=-0.37, P=0.02).
  • This inverse relationship remained significant after multivariate analysis (R(2)=0.37, P<0.001).

Conclusions:

  • Endothelial function appears to influence aortic stiffness.
  • The progression of atherosclerosis significantly limits the impact of endothelial function on aortic stiffness.