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Alloxan diabetic neuropathy: electron microscopic studies.

H Powell, D Knox, S Lee

    Neurology
    |January 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary

    Diabetic neuropathy in rats involves nerve damage, including demyelination and axonal degeneration. These changes stem from metabolic impairments affecting nerve cells and blood vessels in diabetic peripheral nerves.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Diabetology
    • Pathology

    Background:

    • Diabetic neuropathy is a common complication of diabetes mellitus.
    • Alloxan-induced diabetes in rats serves as a model to study diabetic complications.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the long-term effects of alloxan-induced diabetes on peripheral nerve structure in rats.
    • To identify ultrastructural changes associated with diabetic peripheral neuropathy.

    Main Methods:

    • Peripheral nerves from diabetic rats (2 years post-alloxan injection) and age-matched controls were examined.
    • Ultrastructural analysis using electron microscopy was performed.

    Main Results:

    • Observed demyelination, remyelination, axonal degeneration, and regeneration.

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  • Noted basal lamina reduplication, Schwann cell proliferation (onion bulb formation), and crystalline deposits in vessel walls and endoneurium.
  • Found glycogen accumulation in axons and axoplasmic inclusions resembling Lafora's bodies and glycogenosis type IV.

    • Conclusions:

    • Diabetic neuropathy in this model is characterized by significant peripheral nerve damage.
    • Metabolic impairment of axons, Schwann cells, and vessels contributes to segmental demyelination and axonal degeneration in diabetic neuropathy.