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Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Diagnosing Pulmonary Tuberculosis with the Xpert MTB/RIF Test
Published on: April 9, 2012
Delayed diagnosis of active pulmonary tuberculosis in emergency department
Tsung-Cheng Tsai1, Ming Szu Hung, I-Chuan Chen
1Department of Emergency Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Niao-Sung, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan.
Background And Purpose:
Tuberculosis (TB) is a worldwide health challenge. Emergency department (ED) is the major public access to the health care system. Delayed diagnosis of active pulmonary TB was believed to precipitate mortality and morbidity. The study was designed to investigate clinical characteristics and factors in patients with delayed diagnosis of active TB in ED.
Methods:
We used a retrospective chart review.
Patients:
A total of 103 patients were enrolled between December 2003 and March 2006.
Results:
Typical chest radiographic findings were noted in 79.8% of nondelayed TB group and 31.6% of delayed TB group (P < .001). Diagnosis of pneumonia was made at ED in 22.6% of nondelayed TB group and 68.4% of delayed TB group (P < .001). Length of initiation of TB treatment intervention was 0 days (0-1 days) and 9 days (6-16 days), respectively (P < .001). In-hospital mortality rate was 15.5% and 47.4%, respectively (P < .01). Age (odds ratio, 1.07; 95% confidence interval, 1.01-1.1) and intensive care unit admission (odds ratio, 5.01; 95% confidence interval, 1.18-21.3) were associated with lower in-hospital survival. Delayed ED diagnosis of TB was associated with mortality in results of univariate analysis (P = .002), but no statistical significance was noted in the final result of stepwise logistic regression analysis.
Conclusion:
Intensive care unit admission and age are associated with mortality. Awareness of varying features of pulmonary TB by physicians is important.
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