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Related Experiment Videos

Early reporting for cancer screening trials.

Stuart G Baker¹, Barnett S Kramer, Philip C Prorok

¹Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892-7354, USA. sb16i@nih.gov

Journal of Medical Screening

|October 18, 2008

Summary

Early reporting of cancer screening trial results can be achieved by monitoring postscreening noise. This method allows health benefits, like reduced cancer deaths, to reach the public sooner.

Area of Science:

Clinical Trials
Epidemiology
Biostatistics

Background:

Cancer screening trials typically have a fixed follow-up period.
Early reporting of results can expedite health benefits to the population.

Purpose of the Study:

To propose and validate a method for early reporting of results from cancer screening trials.
To leverage postscreening noise considerations for timely result dissemination.

Main Methods:

Developed a method based on postscreening noise (dilution) to determine optimal early reporting times.
Utilized a z-statistic to identify when postscreening noise overwhelms the estimated screening effect.
Refined the early reporting rule through simulation, accounting for multiple looks and adjusted confidence intervals.

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

Re-analysis of the Health Insurance Plan (breast cancer) and Mayo Lung Project (lung cancer) trials showed similar estimates and confidence intervals for screening's effect on mortality with early versus later reporting.
The proposed method allows for timely reporting without substantial changes in confidence intervals with extended follow-up.

Conclusions:

The proposed early reporting rule offers a promising approach for cancer screening trials.
This method facilitates earlier availability of trial results, accelerating health benefits such as reduced cancer mortality or avoidance of unnecessary procedures.