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Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
RNA Interference01:23

RNA Interference

RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
RNA Interference01:23

RNA Interference

RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
Experimental RNAi02:15

Experimental RNAi

RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...

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CRISPR Gene Editing Tool for MicroRNA Cluster Network Analysis
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CRISPR Gene Editing Tool for MicroRNA Cluster Network Analysis

Published on: April 25, 2022

Combinatorial microRNAs: working together to make a difference.

Irena Ivanovska1, Michele A Cleary

  • 1Rosetta Inpharmatics LLC, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA. irena_ivanovska@merck.com

Cell Cycle (Georgetown, Tex.)
|October 18, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review explores how microRNAs (miRNAs) function in networks, focusing on miR-16, miR-34a, and miR-106b. Understanding their combined effects is crucial for novel therapeutic strategies targeting cell division.

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MicroRNA Amplification and Recognition through Locked-nucleic-acid In situ Hybridization as a Novel Detection and Quantification Method
09:06

MicroRNA Amplification and Recognition through Locked-nucleic-acid In situ Hybridization as a Novel Detection and Quantification Method

Published on: October 7, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulators of gene networks, exhibiting complex interactions.
  • miRNAs can function in networks with other miRNAs, including co-expression from the same locus.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the combinatorial effects of co-expressed microRNAs on cellular processes.
  • To compare the functions and phenotypic diversity of miR-16, miR-34a, and miR-106b families in cell division.
  • To elucidate miRNA interactions and target regulation when co-expressed from the same chromosomal locus.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of three microRNA families (miR-16, miR-34a, miR-106b) involved in cell division.
  • Testing for phenotypic synergism among these microRNAs due to distinct target interactions.
  • Investigating target regulation by individual and pooled microRNAs to understand co-expression dynamics.

Main Results:

  • The study highlights the distinct yet potentially synergistic roles of miR-16, miR-34a, and miR-106b in regulating cell cycle progression.
  • Co-expression of microRNAs from the same locus can lead to complex regulatory interactions.
  • MicroRNAs can modulate multiple targets within a pathway, offering a potent and reversible inhibition strategy.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the interplay of microRNAs functioning singly and in concert is essential for realizing their therapeutic potential.
  • Combinatorial miRNA effects offer a novel paradigm for pathway modulation beyond traditional one-inhibitor-one-target models.
  • Further research into miRNA networks is critical for developing advanced gene regulatory therapies.