[Central pontine and extrapontine myelinolysis (review)]

The paper addresses the etiopathogenetic, clinical and therapeutical peculiarities of central pontine and extrapontine myelinosis. The causes of these disorders are analyzed. A role of the inadequate correction of hyponatremia, especially in alcoholism, in the genesis of myelinosis is emphasized. Neurological disorders in such patients are reviewed with highlighting the clinical and prognostic heterogeneity of central pontine and extrapontine myelinosis. The author suggests the recommendations on patient management and perfect correction of hyponatremia.