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Stabilized collagen scaffolds for heart valve tissue engineering.

Mary E Tedder1, Jun Liao, Benjamin Weed

  • 1Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, USA.

Tissue Engineering. Part A
|October 22, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Moderately cross-linked collagen scaffolds using penta-galloyl glucose show promise for heart valve tissue engineering. These scaffolds support cell infiltration and remodeling without calcification, unlike traditional methods.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Heart valve tissue engineering requires scaffolds that are immediately functional and support cellular infiltration and remodeling.
  • Current cross-linking methods like glutaraldehyde can lead to calcification and inhibit necessary tissue remodeling.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate moderately cross-linked collagen scaffolds using penta-galloyl glucose (PGG) for heart valve tissue engineering.
  • To compare PGG-treated scaffolds with un-cross-linked and glutaraldehyde-treated controls for biodegradation, mechanical properties, and in vivo biocompatibility.

Main Methods:

  • Decellularized porcine pericardium scaffolds were treated with PGG, un-cross-linked, or cross-linked with glutaraldehyde.
  • Scaffolds were tested for collagenase resistance, biaxial mechanical properties, and subdermal implantation in rats to assess biocompatibility and remodeling.

Main Results:

  • PGG treatment provided partial collagen stabilization, allowing gradual degradation and remodeling.
  • Glutaraldehyde cross-linking resulted in excessive stabilization, preventing remodeling and causing in vivo calcification.
  • PGG-treated scaffolds demonstrated excellent mechanical properties, supported fibroblast infiltration, and promoted host tissue remodeling without calcification.

Conclusions:

  • PGG-treated acellular pericardium scaffolds offer a promising alternative for heart valve tissue engineering.
  • Moderate cross-linking with PGG balances initial stability with the capacity for essential tissue remodeling.
  • This approach avoids the detrimental calcification observed with glutaraldehyde cross-linking.