Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Learning Modern Laryngeal Surgery in a Dissection Laboratory
Published on: March 18, 2020
[Risk factors for developing laryngeal cancer in adult population at the Hospital Español in Mexico City]
Luz María Durán de Alba1, Francisco Miguel Roa Castro
1Servicio de Otorrinolaringología, Hospital Angeles Lomas, México DF, México.
Introduction:
Laryngeal cancer is the most frequent head and neck cancer. Considerable geographic differences exist in its incidence by gender. In Spain, there is male predominance (>90%). Numerous authors have documented exposure to tobacco and/or alcohol as the main risk factors for laryngeal cancer. Gastroesophageal reflux, genetics, occupational factors and also human papilloma virus are also cited.
Patients And Method:
The present study involved 43 patients diagnosed with laryngeal cancer and 130 healthy control subjects. The goal was to establish the frequency affecting both sexes and to identify the risk factors of those born in Spain but living in Mexico. Odds ratios (OR) for each risk factor were analyzed using univariate analysis.
Results:
A considerable predominance of laryngeal cancer was found in males (90.6%). Tobacco (OR=6.56) and alcohol consumption (OR=3.04) are significant risk factors with a multiplier effect. Gastroesophageal reflux does not show any significant OR. Occupational exposure had a significant OR=37.28.
Conclusions:
The main advantage of this type of studies is the ability to design strategies to modify the risk factors. Male predominance and risk factors were no different from other findings reported in Spain, except for the considerable risk relating to occupational exposure.
Related Concept Videos
Larynx
Anatomy of the Larynx
The larynx consists of various components, including cartilage, muscles, and vocal cords. Its structure includes three large unpaired cartilages—the thyroid, cricoid, and epiglottis—and three smaller paired cartilages—the arytenoids, corniculates, and...
Cancer Prevention
Some...
Esophageal Strictures-I: Introduction
Etiology
The primary cause of esophageal strictures is long-standing gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), accounting for about 70 to 80% of adult cases. Chronic acid reflux can lead to injury and scarring of the esophageal lining, culminating in...
Statistical Methods for Analyzing Epidemiological Data
Barrett Esophagus-I: Introduction
This constant acid exposure transforms the esophagus's pink mucosal lining (stratified squamous epithelium) into a type of lining more similar...
Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin create...