Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 28, 2026
11:19
Merging Absolute and Relative Quantitative PCR Data to Quantify STAT3 Splice Variant Transcripts
Published on: October 9, 2016
IFNgamma signaling-does it mean JAK-STAT?
Daniel J Gough1, David E Levy, Ricky W Johnstone
1Department of Pathology, NYU Cancer Institute, New York University Langone School of Medicine, New York, 10016, USA.
Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews
|October 22, 2008
Summary
Interferon-gamma (IFNγ) cellular responses involve JAK-STAT signaling and parallel pathways like MAP kinase. Understanding these complex interactions is key to host defense and therapeutic applications.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Molecular Biology
- Cellular Signaling
Background:
- Interferon-gamma (IFNγ) is crucial for host defense and has therapeutic potential.
- The JAK-STAT pathway is a primary mechanism for IFNγ-mediated gene transcription.
- IFNγ biology is complex, involving multiple signaling pathways beyond JAK-STAT.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current understanding of molecular pathways regulating IFNγ cellular responses.
- To explore the interplay between JAK-STAT and alternative signaling pathways.
- To assess the specificity and biological outcomes of these complex signaling networks.
Main Methods:
- Literature review and synthesis of recent research findings.
- Appraisal of studies investigating IFNγ signaling mechanisms.
- Analysis of gene- and cell type-specific regulatory roles.
Main Results:
- IFNγ response involves both JAK-STAT and parallel pathways (MAPK, PI3K, CaMKII, NF-κB).
- These pathways cooperate and interact in a gene- and cell type-specific manner.
- The complex interactions fine-tune the diverse biological outcomes of IFNγ signaling.
Conclusions:
- A comprehensive understanding of IFNγ signaling requires integrating JAK-STAT with alternative pathways.
- These integrated networks are critical for effective host defense and therapeutic strategies.
- Further research is needed to fully elucidate the specificity and biological impact of these signaling cascades.
Related Concept Videos
01:20The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway
Several cytokine receptors have tightly bound Janus kinase or JAK proteins attached at their cytosolic tail. Small signaling molecules such as cytokines, growth hormones, or prolactins bind to the cytokine receptors and initiate their dimerization. The dimerization brings the cytosolic JAKs together that trans-phosphorylate and activates each other. The activated JAKs now phosphorylate cytosolic tails of the cytokine receptors, which serve as binding sites for adaptor proteins such as SH2...
01:16TGF - β Signaling Pathway
The TGF-β signaling pathway regulates cell growth, differentiation, adhesion, motility, and development. TGF-β ligands that induce TGF-β signaling are synthesized in their latent form. Several proteases or cell surface receptors such as integrins act upon the latent form, releasing the active ligand. There are three types of mammalian TGF-βs: (TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and TGF-β3) that bind as homodimers or heterodimers to TGF-β receptors. The TGF-β receptors are of three kinds RI, RII, and RIII. The RI...
01:22Amplifying Signals via Enzymatic Cascade
When a ligand binds to a cell-surface receptor, the receptor's intracellular domain changes shape, which may either activate its enzyme function or allow its binding to other molecules. The initial signal is amplified by most signal transduction pathways. This means that a single ligand molecule can activate multiple molecules of a downstream target. Proteins that relay a signal are most commonly phosphorylated at one or more sites, activating or inactivating the protein. Kinases catalyze the...
01:17Intracellular Signaling Affects Focal Adhesions
Integrins act both as extracellular input receivers and as intracellular processing activators. As their name suggests, integrins are entirely integrated into the membrane structure. Their hydrophobic membrane-spanning regions interact with the phospholipid bilayer's hydrophobic region. These membrane receptors provide extracellular attachment sites for effectors like hormones and growth factors. They activate intracellular response cascades when their effectors are bound and active.
Some...
Some...
02:26NF-κB-dependent Signaling Pathway
The transcription factor NF-κB was discovered in 1986 in the lab of Nobel laureate Professor David Baltimore, for its interaction with the immunoglobulin light chain enhancer in B-cells. After more than three decades of study, it is now evident that NF-κB regulates the expression of over 100 genes. Most of these genes play an essential role in the innate and adaptive immune responses as well as the inflammatory responses of animals.
NF-κB-dependent Signaling Mechanism
The heterodimer of NF-κB...
NF-κB-dependent Signaling Mechanism
The heterodimer of NF-κB...
02:26NF-kB-dependent Signaling Pathway
The transcription factor NF-κB was discovered in 1986 in the lab of Nobel laureate Professor David Baltimore, for its interaction with the immunoglobulin light chain enhancer in B-cells. After more than three decades of study, it is now evident that NF-κB regulates the expression of over 100 genes. Most of these genes play an essential role in the innate and adaptive immune responses as well as the inflammatory responses of animals.
NF-κB-dependent Signaling Mechanism
The heterodimer of NF-κB...
NF-κB-dependent Signaling Mechanism
The heterodimer of NF-κB...