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Related Concept Videos

Feedback Regulation of Calcium Concentration01:27

Feedback Regulation of Calcium Concentration

Calcium is an essential signaling molecule required for various cellular functions. Calcium pumps and ion channels on cell and organellar membranes, such as those on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), regulate calcium concentrations inside the cell. They remain closed, keeping the cytosolic calcium levels low at a resting state.
Various transmembrane receptors, such as G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), elicit a response to extracellular signals by increasing cytosolic calcium. Activated GPCRs...

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Fluorescence-based Measurement of Store-operated Calcium Entry in Live Cells: from Cultured Cancer Cell to Skeletal Muscle Fiber
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Published on: February 13, 2012

Methods for studying store-operated calcium entry.

Gary S Bird1, Wayne I DeHaven, Jeremy T Smyth

  • 1Laboratory of Signal Transduction, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, P.O. Box 12233, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA. bird@niehs.nih.gov

Methods (San Diego, Calif.)
|October 22, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Calcium (Ca2+) signaling involves release from intracellular stores and entry across the plasma membrane. New methods using fluorescent Ca2+ indicators and electrophysiology help study store-operated Ca2+ entry mechanisms.

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Area of Science:

  • Cellular signaling and molecular biology.
  • Physiology and biophysics of ion transport.

Background:

  • Surface membrane receptor activation triggers phospholipase C, leading to cytoplasmic Ca2+ signals.
  • These signals involve both intracellular Ca2+ release and enhanced Ca2+ entry across the plasma membrane.
  • Store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) is a primary mechanism for Ca2+ influx, activated by inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate-induced depletion of intracellular Ca2+ stores.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe practical methods for dissecting intracellular Ca2+ signals.
  • To reveal characteristics of store-operated Ca2+ entry.
  • To highlight the advantages and limitations of fluorescent Ca2+ indicators and electrophysiological approaches in studying SOCE.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing fluorescent Ca2+ indicators to monitor intracellular Ca2+ dynamics.
  • Employing electrophysiological techniques to assess Ca2+ flux across the plasma membrane.
  • Investigating the roles of STIM and Orai family proteins in SOCE.

Main Results:

  • Fluorescent Ca2+ indicators and electrophysiology enable detailed analysis of Ca2+ signaling components.
  • These methods allow for the characterization of store-operated Ca2+ entry.
  • The study outlines the benefits and drawbacks of current experimental approaches.

Conclusions:

  • Advances in fluorescent Ca2+ indicators and electrophysiology provide powerful tools for studying SOCE.
  • The identification of STIM and Orai proteins offers new avenues for pharmacological manipulation of Ca2+ signaling.
  • A comprehensive understanding of SOCE mechanisms is crucial for various physiological processes.