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Related Experiment Videos

Endemic goitre in Guinea-Bissau.

A L Oliveira1, J L Batista, A P Silva

  • 1Institute of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Lisbon, Portugal.

Bulletin of the World Health Organization
|January 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary

Endemic goitre is prevalent in Guinea-Bissau, particularly in Oio and Gabu regions, affecting over 50% of adult women. Urinary iodine levels suggest varying iodine sufficiency across surveyed areas.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Public Health
  • Nutritional Epidemiology

Background:

  • Endemic goitre remains a significant public health concern in various regions globally.
  • Iodine deficiency disorders (IDDs) are a primary cause of preventable brain damage and thyroid dysfunction.
  • Assessing goitre prevalence and iodine status is crucial for targeted public health interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To survey the prevalence of endemic goitre in adult women across Oio, Gabu, and Cacheu regions of Guinea-Bissau.
  • To evaluate thyroid dysfunction and cretinism incidence within these populations.
  • To assess iodine nutritional status through urinary iodine excretion measurements.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Oio, Gabu, and Cacheu regions.

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  • Goitre prevalence was assessed clinically in adult women, categorizing severity.
  • Urinary iodine concentration was measured and normalized to creatinine levels.

    • Main Results:

    • High goitre prevalences were observed: 53% in Oio, 48% in Gabu, and 27% in Cacheu.
    • Severe goitres (grades 2 and 3) were most frequent in Oio (20%) and Gabu (13%).
    • Mean urinary iodine excretions were 17 µg/g (Oio), 24 µg/g (Gabu), and 33 µg/g (Cacheu) creatinine, indicating potential regional differences in iodine sufficiency.

    Conclusions:

    • Significant endemic goitre prevalence exists in Guinea-Bissau, particularly in Oio and Gabu.
    • While overt cretinism and thyroid dysfunction were not detected, iodine status varies across regions.
    • Further investigation and targeted iodine supplementation strategies may be warranted, especially in Oio and Gabu.