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Hiatal Hernia

A hiatal hernia is the abnormal protrusion of the stomach or other abdominal organs through the esophageal hiatus of the diaphragm into the thoracic cavity.Normally, the gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) lies below the diaphragm and is supported by the phrenoesophageal membrane, the diaphragmatic crura, and connective tissues. Weakening of these structures—due to aging, congenital defects like a short esophagus, or increased intra-abdominal pressure from coughing, obesity, pregnancy, or heavy...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Spinal Hernia Repair and Cauda Equina Repositioning After Lumbar Decompression under Three-Dimensional Microscopy: A Case Report and Literature Review
04:33

Spinal Hernia Repair and Cauda Equina Repositioning After Lumbar Decompression under Three-Dimensional Microscopy: A Case Report and Literature Review

Published on: November 8, 2024

Experience with "sports hernia" spanning two decades.

William C Meyers1, Alex McKechnie, Marc J Philippon

  • 1Department of Surgery, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA. wmeyers@drexelmed.edu

Annals of Surgery
|October 22, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Athletic pubalgia (AP), often called "sports hernia," involves pelvic injuries. Improved understanding and surgical techniques now lead to over 95% success rates, returning athletes to sport.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Spinal Hernia Repair and Cauda Equina Repositioning After Lumbar Decompression under Three-Dimensional Microscopy: A Case Report and Literature Review
04:33

Spinal Hernia Repair and Cauda Equina Repositioning After Lumbar Decompression under Three-Dimensional Microscopy: A Case Report and Literature Review

Published on: November 8, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Sports Medicine
  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Athletic Performance

Background:

  • Athletic pubalgia (AP) is a significant cause of athletic injury, frequently misdiagnosed as "sports hernia."
  • AP encompasses injuries to the abdominal and pelvic muscles around the pubic symphysis, distinct from hip joint pathology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze trends in patient characteristics and surgical interventions for athletic pubalgia over two decades.
  • To highlight advancements in diagnosis and treatment protocols for AP.

Main Methods:

  • Review of a senior author's experience with 8,490 patients and 5,460 surgical procedures.
  • Analysis of changes in patient demographics, sports participation, and identified syndromes over 20 years.

Main Results:

  • Increased prevalence of female athletes, older patients, and multi-sport involvement.
  • Significant advancements in MRI for diagnosing hip and non-hip pelvic pathology.
  • Growth in identified syndromes and surgical interventions for AP.

Conclusions:

  • Enhanced understanding and recognition of AP injuries have improved patient care.
  • Modern rehabilitation and performance protocols contribute to successful athlete return-to-sport.
  • Improved outcomes for athletic pubalgia have a substantial impact on competitive athletics.