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Murine Distal Colostomy, A Novel Model of Diversion Colitis in C57BL/6 Mice
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The pathology of diverticulitis.

A Brian West1,

  • 1Department of Pathology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520-8023, USA. brian.west@yale.edu

Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology
|October 22, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Left colon diverticulosis, linked to aging, involves outpouchings due to increased pressure and wall changes. Inflammation (diverticulitis) occurs when diverticula become obstructed, leading to potential complications like bleeding and perforation.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Diverticulosis of the left colon is an acquired condition associated with aging.
  • Diverticula form at points where blood vessels penetrate the colonic wall, likely due to elevated intraluminal pressure and degenerative changes in collagen and elastin.
  • These are mucosal outpouchings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the pathophysiology and pathological features of left colon diverticulosis and diverticulitis.
  • To detail the mechanisms of inflammation and potential complications.

Main Methods:

  • Pathological examination of colonic tissue.
  • Review of the literature on diverticulosis and diverticulitis.

Main Results:

  • Diverticulitis results from inflamed diverticula, often due to obstruction by feces or fecoliths, leading to bacterial overgrowth and mucosal injury.
  • Inflammation can extend to the inter-diverticular mucosa, mimicking inflammatory bowel disease (ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease).
  • Complications include bleeding, abscess formation, perforation, fistulas, strictures, and pylephlebitis.

Conclusions:

  • Left colon diverticulosis is a common condition in aging populations.
  • Diverticulitis involves inflammation and potential obstruction of diverticula, with a range of possible complications.
  • The associated mucosal changes can resemble other inflammatory bowel conditions.