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Related Concept Videos

Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell02:21

Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell

Cancer arises from mutations in the critical genes that allow healthy cells to escape cell cycle regulation and acquire the ability to proliferate indefinitely. Though originating from a single mutation event in one of the originator cells, cancer progresses when the mutant cell lines continue to gain more and more mutations, and finally, become malignant. For example, chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) develops initially as a non-lethal increase in white blood cells, which progressively...
Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell02:21

Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell

Cancer arises from mutations in the critical genes that allow healthy cells to escape cell cycle regulation and acquire the ability to proliferate indefinitely. Though originating from a single mutation event in one of the originator cells, cancer progresses when the mutant cell lines continue to gain more and more mutations, and finally, become malignant. For example, chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) develops initially as a non-lethal increase in white blood cells, which progressively...
Mutations01:39

Mutations

Overview
Mutations01:35

Mutations

Mutations are changes in the sequence of DNA. These changes can occur spontaneously or they can be induced by exposure to environmental factors. Mutations can be characterized in a number of different ways: whether and how they alter the amino acid sequence of the protein, whether they occur over a small or large area of DNA, and whether they occur in somatic cells or germline cells.
Chromosomal Alterations Are Large-Scale Mutations
While point mutations are changes in a single nucleotide in...
Mismatch Repair01:20

Mismatch Repair

Organisms are capable of detecting and fixing nucleotide mismatches that occur during DNA replication. This sophisticated process requires identifying the new strand and replacing the erroneous bases with correct nucleotides. Mismatch repair is coordinated by many proteins in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
The Mutator Protein Family Plays a Key Role in DNA Mismatch Repair
The human genome has more than 3 billion base pairs of DNA per cell. Prior to cell division, that vast amount of genetic...
Differentiation of Common Myeloid Progenitor Cells01:15

Differentiation of Common Myeloid Progenitor Cells

Common myeloid progenitors (CMPs) are oligopotent cells that can differentiate into granulocytes and macrophages. Granulocytes and macrophages are essential for protecting the body against bacterial, viral, or fungal infections. They migrate from the bone marrow into the circulating blood to reach specific tissue sites where they differentiate and help in immune surveillance. However, they survive only for a few days and must be continuously made available to the organism to maintain a robust...

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Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Next Generation Sequencing for the Detection of Actionable Mutations in Solid and Liquid Tumors
11:15

Next Generation Sequencing for the Detection of Actionable Mutations in Solid and Liquid Tumors

Published on: September 20, 2016

Mutations in myeloid neoplasms.

Claudiu V Cotta1, Raymond R Tubbs

  • 1Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44122, USA. cottac@ccf.org

Diagnostic Molecular Pathology : the American Journal of Surgical Pathology, Part B
|October 22, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Molecular techniques have revolutionized the diagnosis of myeloid neoplasms, identifying key genetic abnormalities. These discoveries impact classification and treatment decisions for these blood cancers.

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Engineering Oncogenic Heterozygous Gain-of-Function Mutations in Human Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells
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Published on: March 10, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Molecular techniques have identified numerous genetic abnormalities in myeloid neoplasms.
  • These discoveries have led to revised diagnostic criteria and impact therapeutic decisions.
  • Understanding these molecular alterations is crucial for managing myeloid neoplasms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the most important genes implicated in myeloid neoplasms.
  • To discuss mutations, their diagnostic and prognostic significance, and detection methods.
  • To cover normal gene structure, function, and expression patterns.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on molecular genetics of myeloid neoplasms.
  • Synthesis of information on key genes, mutations, and diagnostic techniques.
  • Discussion of normal gene biology relevant to disease.

Main Results:

  • Identification of specific genetic abnormalities with diagnostic and prognostic value.
  • Integration of molecular criteria into myeloid neoplasm classification.
  • Influence of molecular findings on clinical management strategies.

Conclusions:

  • Molecular genetics is integral to the modern understanding and management of myeloid neoplasms.
  • Accurate molecular diagnosis guides therapeutic choices and improves patient outcomes.
  • This review provides essential information for clinicians and researchers in the field.