Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 28, 2026

A Mouse 5/6th Nephrectomy Model That Induces Experimental Uremic Cardiomyopathy
Published on: November 7, 2017
Oxidative imbalance in idiopathic renal hypouricemia
Kazunari Kaneko1, Naho Taniguchi, Yuko Tanabe
1Department of Pediatrics, Kansai Medical University, 2-3-1 Shin-machi, Hirakata-shi, Osaka 573-1191, Japan. kanekok@hirakata.kmu.ac.jp
Abstract:
An important complication of idiopathic renal hypouricemia is exercise-induced acute renal failure (ARF). The most plausible explanation for this complication is that decreased antioxidant potential leads to kidney injury by reactive oxygen species (ROS). We demonstrated this oxidative imbalance by a concomitant assessment of ROS production and antioxidant system capability in a 15- year-old girl with idiopathic renal hypouricemia caused by a mutation in the urate transporter (URAT1) gene. Her serum level of ROS increased with decreasing antioxidant potential capacity soon after the initiation of anaerobic stress due to treadmill exercise. Thereafter, serum levels of ROS and antioxidant potential showed a parallel course, returning to the baseline values at 240 min after exercise. Some patients with idiopathic renal hypouricemia demonstrate oxidative imbalance soon after exercise with a predisposition to exercise-induced acute renal failure. Antioxidant properties may alter this imbalance by augmenting the antioxidant activity.
Related Concept Videos
Renal Regulation of Acid-Base Balance
In the kidneys, cells within the proximal convoluted tubules (PCT) and the collecting ducts secrete hydrogen ions (H+) into the tubular fluid. Specifically, in the PCT, Na+/H+ antiporters secrete H+ while reabsorbing Na+.
However, the intercalated cells in...
Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology
Renal Failure: Dose Adjustments
Reduced renal clearance and elimination rate are common outcomes of renal impairment. These alterations lead to a prolonged elimination half-life and an altered apparent volume of distribution for drugs. As a result, dosage adjustments are typically necessary to maintain optimal drug levels in the body.
However, dosage adjustments...
Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Dose Adjustments Based on Drug Clearance and Elimination Rate Constant
Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations
Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations

