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Related Concept Videos

Lumber Defects01:23

Lumber Defects

Lumber defects, which can affect both the appearance and structural integrity of wood, include a variety of growth and manufacturing flaws. Growth defects such as knots and knotholes occur where branches were once attached to the tree trunk, with knotholes forming when these knots fall out. Other natural defects include decay and insect damage, which compromise the wood's strength and durability.
Shakes are minor fractures that run along or across the wood's annual rings, while wane is...
Hiatal Hernia01:25

Hiatal Hernia

A hiatal hernia is the abnormal protrusion of the stomach or other abdominal organs through the esophageal hiatus of the diaphragm into the thoracic cavity.Normally, the gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) lies below the diaphragm and is supported by the phrenoesophageal membrane, the diaphragmatic crura, and connective tissues. Weakening of these structures—due to aging, congenital defects like a short esophagus, or increased intra-abdominal pressure from coughing, obesity, pregnancy, or heavy...
Esophageal Strictures-I: Introduction01:30

Esophageal Strictures-I: Introduction

Esophageal strictures involve abnormal narrowing or tightening of the esophagus. They vary in length and severity, ranging from mild constriction to complete obstruction, and are classified as benign (noncancerous) or malignant (cancerous).
Etiology
The primary cause of esophageal strictures is long-standing gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), accounting for about 70 to 80% of adult cases. Chronic acid reflux can lead to injury and scarring of the esophageal lining, culminating in...
Mitral Valve Prolapse I: Introduction01:27

Mitral Valve Prolapse I: Introduction

IntroductionThe mitral valve, one of the heart's four valves, regulates blood flow. These valves have flaps that open and close to direct blood properly through the heart and body. During each heartbeat, the flaps open for blood to pass through and seal shut to prevent backflow. Specifically, the mitral valve opens to allow blood flow from the heart's upper left chamber to the lower left chamber. It then closes securely as the lower left chamber contracts to pump blood to the body, preventing...
Mitral Valve Prolapse II: Assessment and Management01:22

Mitral Valve Prolapse II: Assessment and Management

IntroductionA range of clinical features characterizes Mitral Valve Prolapse (MVP), but it is important to note that many individuals with MVP are asymptomatic and may remain so throughout their lives. For those who do exhibit symptoms, the following are the key clinical features:Palpitations: This is a common symptom where individuals feel an irregular or rapid heartbeat. Palpitations in MVP are often due to arrhythmias such as premature ventricular contractions or supraventricular tachycardia.
Barrett Esophagus-II: Clinical Manifestations and Management01:21

Barrett Esophagus-II: Clinical Manifestations and Management

Individuals with Barrett's esophagus are often asymptomatic, but they may experience symptoms commonly associated with GERD, such as heartburn and acid regurgitation. Additional symptoms can include difficulty swallowing, chest pain, unintentional weight loss, blood in the stool (which may appear black, tarry, or bloody), and episodes of vomiting.
To diagnose Barrett's esophagus, healthcare providers often recommend an endoscopy for those showing symptoms of acid reflux. The procedure entails...

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Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Deficient Pms2, ERCC1, Ku86, CcOI in Field Defects During Progression to Colon Cancer
28:15

Deficient Pms2, ERCC1, Ku86, CcOI in Field Defects During Progression to Colon Cancer

Published on: July 28, 2010

[Columella defects: yet a challenge!].

J Bouguila1, I Zairi, K Yacoub

  • 1Service de chirurgie maxillofaciale et esthĂ©tique, CHU Charles-Nicolle, boulevard du 9-Avril-1938, 1006 Tunis, Tunisie. bouguila_jed@yahoo.fr

Annales De Chirurgie Plastique Et Esthetique
|October 22, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Columella reconstruction, essential for nasal symmetry and function, remains a challenge despite historical facial repair techniques. This review details various methods for addressing columella defects from diverse causes.

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Endoscopic Septoplasty with Limited Two-line Resection: Minimally Invasive Surgery for Septal Deviation
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Deficient Pms2, ERCC1, Ku86, CcOI in Field Defects During Progression to Colon Cancer
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Deficient Pms2, ERCC1, Ku86, CcOI in Field Defects During Progression to Colon Cancer

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Establishment of a Segmental Femoral Critical-size Defect Model in Mice Stabilized by Plate Osteosynthesis
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Establishment of a Segmental Femoral Critical-size Defect Model in Mice Stabilized by Plate Osteosynthesis

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Endoscopic Septoplasty with Limited Two-line Resection: Minimally Invasive Surgery for Septal Deviation
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Endoscopic Septoplasty with Limited Two-line Resection: Minimally Invasive Surgery for Septal Deviation

Published on: June 20, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Plastic Surgery
  • Otolaryngology
  • Facial Reconstructive Surgery

Context:

  • Nasal reconstruction is one of the oldest surgical procedures, yet columella reconstruction presents ongoing challenges.
  • Columella defects arise from various causes including trauma, infection, cancer resection, and congenital conditions like bilateral cleft lip.
  • Achieving symmetry, contour, and function are critical for successful columella repair.

Purpose:

  • To present a comprehensive review of columella reconstruction techniques.
  • To discuss the application of different methods based on defect characteristics.
  • To provide a chronological overview of historical and contemporary columellar reconstruction procedures.

Summary:

  • This article reviews diverse techniques for columella reconstruction, a vital component of partial rhinoplasty.
  • Optimal repair strategies are determined by defect size, depth, location, and nasal framework support.
  • The review covers a range of methods applicable to specific columella defects, informed by historical context.

Impact:

  • Provides surgeons with a guide to selecting appropriate techniques for challenging columella reconstructions.
  • Contributes to improving both aesthetic and functional outcomes in patients with nasal defects.
  • Highlights the evolution of reconstructive strategies for the columella, advancing the field of rhinoplasty.