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Related Concept Videos

Ascites01:19

Ascites

DefinitionAscites is the buildup of fluid inside the peritoneal cavity. It occurs when fluid moves out of the vascular system faster than the peritoneal lymphatics can remove it. This fluid shift is most commonly seen in liver cirrhosis but can also appear in several other systemic disorders.EtiologyCirrhosis remains the leading cause of ascites. Other conditions that can contribute include:Heart failureConstrictive pericarditisAbdominal cancersNephrotic syndromeSevere protein–calorie...
Pleural Effusion I: Introduction01:25

Pleural Effusion I: Introduction

Pleural effusion is an abnormal fluid accumulation in the pleural cavity, a narrow space between the lungs and the chest wall. It is not a disease per se but rather a symptom or indication of an underlying disease. In normal circumstances, this space contains a small amount of fluid (5 to 15 mL), a lubricant facilitating the non-frictional movement of the pleural surfaces.
There are two main types of pleural effusion: transudative and exudative. They are differentiated using Light's criteria,...
Pleural Effusion II: Symptoms and Management01:28

Pleural Effusion II: Symptoms and Management

Pleural Effusion Overview
A pleural effusion is the abnormal collection of fluid between the parietal and visceral pleura layers of tissue that form the lining of the lungs and chest cavity. It can occur independently or due to surrounding parenchymal diseases, such as infection, malignancy, or inflammatory conditions.
Clinical Manifestations:
Portal Hypertension01:22

Portal Hypertension

Portal hypertension is an increase in blood pressure within the portal venous system. Normally, this pressure is less than 5 mmHg. It is considered clinically significant when it rises above 10 mmHg. At this threshold, complications from altered blood flow and venous congestion emerge.EtiologyPortal hypertension arises from conditions that impede blood flow through the liver. The most common cause is cirrhosis, in which chronic liver injury leads to fibrotic scarring. This fibrosis narrows or...
Esophageal Varices-II: Clinical Features and Management01:28

Esophageal Varices-II: Clinical Features and Management

Esophageal varices often manifest as gastrointestinal bleeding episodes, presenting symptoms like hematemesis (vomiting of blood), hematochezia (passing fresh blood via the rectum), and melena (black, tarry stools). Other signs can include weight loss, anorexia, abdominal discomfort, jaundice, pruritus, altered mental status, and muscle cramps.
In the initial assessment, a thorough review of the patient's medical history is vital to identify risk factors such as liver disease, alcohol abuse, or...
Endoscopic Studies II: Thoracocentesis01:26

Endoscopic Studies II: Thoracocentesis

Thoracentesis(Thoracocentesis), commonly known as pleural tap, is a medical procedure where a 22 gauge needle is inserted into the pleural space, the area between the lung and chest wall. This procedure is commonly performed to diagnose or treat various respiratory disorders.
Description
Excess pleural fluid or air may accumulate in some respiratory disorders in the thoracic cavity. To treat pleural effusion, a physician conducts thoracentesis by carefully piercing the chest wall and entering...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Focused Assessment with Sonography for Trauma (FAST) Exam: Image Acquisition
07:18

Focused Assessment with Sonography for Trauma (FAST) Exam: Image Acquisition

Published on: September 22, 2023

When ascites is not ascites.

A Sharma1, B Teh, D J R Morgan

  • 1Chelsea & Westminster Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK. avinash.sharma@doctors.org.uk

Postgraduate Medical Journal
|October 23, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A rare case of spontaneous urinary bladder rupture occurred 30 years after rhabdomyosarcoma treatment, causing ascites and acute kidney injury. This delayed presentation highlights diagnostic challenges in rare genitourinary conditions.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Focused Assessment with Sonography for Trauma (FAST) Exam: Image Acquisition
07:18

Focused Assessment with Sonography for Trauma (FAST) Exam: Image Acquisition

Published on: September 22, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Oncology
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • Rhabdomyosarcoma is a rare childhood cancer.
  • Spontaneous urinary bladder rupture is an exceptionally rare complication.
  • Long-term surveillance after childhood cancer treatment is crucial.

Observation:

  • A patient presented with ascites and acute renal failure.
  • Symptoms arose from urinary ascites due to bladder rupture.
  • The rupture occurred 30 years post-rhabdomyosarcoma treatment.

Findings:

  • The spontaneous bladder rupture led to significant urinary ascites.
  • Acute renal failure was a direct consequence of the ascites.
  • The diagnostic process was complicated by the rarity of the condition.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the importance of considering rare genitourinary complications years after cancer therapy.
  • It highlights the need for vigilance in patients with a history of rhabdomyosarcoma.
  • Further research into long-term sequelae of childhood cancers is warranted.