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Related Concept Videos

Cardiomyopathy VII: Pre and Post Operative Nursing Management01:28

Cardiomyopathy VII: Pre and Post Operative Nursing Management

Patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction who remain symptomatic despite optimal medical therapy may undergo a septal myectomy (Morrow procedure). This procedure involves excising a portion of the hypertrophied septum below the aortic valve using a heart-lung machine to improve blood flow through the LVOT. Effective preoperative and postoperative nursing management ensures successful patient outcomes, minimizes complications, and...
Mitral Valve Prolapse III: Nursing Management01:19

Mitral Valve Prolapse III: Nursing Management

The nursing management of Mitral Valve Prolapse, or MVP, centers around patient education, symptom monitoring, and lifestyle modifications.Patient Education on MVP Diagnosis and Heredity: Nurses should provide comprehensive education about MVP, a condition where the mitral valve does not close appropriately during heartbeats. This education often includes the condition's pathophysiology, symptoms, and potential complications, like arrhythmias or mitral regurgitation. Though not fully...
Aneurysm IV: Nursing Management01:22

Aneurysm IV: Nursing Management

Vigilant monitoring for aneurysm rupture is essential for patients undergoing aortic surgery.Preoperative Nursing ManagementContinuously monitor the patient for manifestations of aneurysm rupture, such as pallor, weakness, tachycardia, hypotension, abdominal, back, groin, or periumbilical pain, changes in consciousness, and a pulsating abdominal mass. Regularly assess the patient's peripheral pulses.Instruct the patient to consume a clear liquid diet the day before surgery and administer...
Cardiac Catheterization I: Pre-Procedure Overview01:28

Cardiac Catheterization I: Pre-Procedure Overview

Cardiac catheterization is an invasive diagnostic technique used to identify and evaluate structural and functional diseases of the heart and major blood vessels. This technique diagnoses congenital heart disease, coronary artery disease, valvular heart disease, and coronary spasms and assesses ventricular function. It helps guide treatment decisions, including the need for revascularization procedures like percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and...
Cardiac Catheterization II: Right Heart Catheterization01:21

Cardiac Catheterization II: Right Heart Catheterization

Right Heart Catheterization: An OverviewRight heart catheterization is an invasive diagnostic procedure that measures right-sided cardiac and pulmonary artery pressures, calculates cardiac output, and identifies intracardiac shunts. It provides detailed hemodynamic data essential for diagnosing and managing various cardiovascular conditions, such as pulmonary hypertension.Access SitesCommon access sites for right heart catheterization include the internal jugular vein in the neck region, the...
Cardiac Catheterization IV: Nursing Management01:26

Cardiac Catheterization IV: Nursing Management

Nursing responsibilities before cardiac catheterization include:Assess for allergies and establish baseline health status.Before cardiac catheterization, assess the patient for allergies to contrast dye. Perform a comprehensive baseline assessment, including vital signs, heart and breath sounds, and a neurovascular assessment of the extremities, noting distal pulses, skin color, and temperature. Instruct the patient to fast for 8-12 hours before the procedure. Evaluate baseline laboratory...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Instrumentation of Near-term Fetal Sheep for Multivariate Chronic Non-anesthetized Recordings
14:40

Instrumentation of Near-term Fetal Sheep for Multivariate Chronic Non-anesthetized Recordings

Published on: October 25, 2015

Cardiac surgery during pregnancy.

Anish Patel1, Sanjay Asopa, Augustine T M Tang

  • 1Wessex Cardiothoracic Centre, Southampton General Hospital, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, United Kingdom.

Texas Heart Institute Journal
|October 23, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pregnancy involves significant cardiovascular changes. Cardiac surgery during pregnancy improves maternal survival but carries a high fetal mortality risk, necessitating optimized surgical approaches.

Keywords:
Cardiac surgical procedurescardiopulmonary bypass/adverse effectsfemaleheart defects, congenitalpregnancy complications, cardiovascular/etiology/surgery

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular adaptations during pregnancy
  • Cardiac surgery in pregnancy
  • Fetal outcomes in maternal cardiac surgery

Background:

  • Pregnancy induces substantial cardiovascular changes, normally well-tolerated.
  • 2-4% of childbearing women have heart disease, potentially compromised by pregnancy.
  • Maternal mortality in cardiac surgery during pregnancy has decreased, but fetal mortality remains high.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review cardiovascular adaptations to pregnancy.
  • To discuss the effects of cardiopulmonary bypass on mother, fetus, and fetoplacental unit.
  • To explore strategies for improving fetal outcomes in pregnant patients undergoing cardiac surgery.

Main Methods:

  • Review of cardiovascular adaptations during pregnancy.
  • Analysis of pathophysiologic effects of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).
  • Discussion of perfusion management and off-pump techniques.

Main Results:

  • Maternal mortality rates in cardiac surgery during pregnancy are comparable to non-pregnant patients.
  • Fetal mortality rates remain high (up to 33%) due to factors like surgical timing, urgency, and CPB response.
  • Fetoplacental response to CPB can lead to placental dysfunction, uterine contractions, fetal hypoxia, and acidosis.

Conclusions:

  • Optimizing CPB management and exploring surgical techniques are crucial for improving fetal outcomes.
  • Modulating the fetoplacental response to CPB may mitigate placental dysfunction and fetal distress.
  • Further research into perfusion strategies and off-pump techniques is needed for safer cardiac surgery in pregnant women.