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Variation in Virulence Within Meloidogyne chitwoodi, M. fallax, and M. hapla on Solanum spp

J G van der Beek, L M Poleij, C Zijlstra

    Phytopathology
    |October 24, 2008
    PubMed

    Insights

    Plant resistance varies significantly against root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.). Pathogenicity differences were found within Meloidogyne hapla and Meloidogyne chitwoodi populations, impacting Solanum genotypes.

    Area of Science:

    • Plant Pathology
    • Nematology
    • Genetics

    Background:

    • Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) are significant agricultural pests.
    • Understanding host-parasite interactions is crucial for developing resistant crop varieties.
    • Solanum species offer a diverse genetic resource for studying nematode resistance.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To assess the virulence of Meloidogyne hapla, M. chitwoodi, and M. fallax on various Solanum genotypes.
    • To investigate the variation in pathogenicity within M. hapla and M. chitwoodi populations.
    • To identify Solanum genotypes exhibiting resistance to these Meloidogyne species.

    Main Methods:

    • Greenhouse inoculation experiments using multiple isolates and mono-female lines of M. hapla, M. chitwoodi, and M. fallax.
    • Inoculation of different Solanum species and genotypes (S. chacoense, S. hougasii, S. sparsipilum, S. bulbocastanum, S. stoloniferum, S. tuberosum).
    • Virulence assessment based on nematode reproduction (egg masses, hatched juveniles) 8 weeks post-inoculation.

    Main Results:

    • Significant variation in virulence and resistance was observed among M. hapla isolates and Solanum genotypes, with a highly significant isolate-plant species interaction.
    • M. chitwoodi showed a range of virulence, from susceptibility in S. tuberosum and S. chacoense to high resistance in S. bulbocastanum and S. hougasii.
    • S. tuberosum was susceptible to M. fallax, while wild Solanum species were resistant; however, M. chitwoodi in mixtures with M. fallax could overcome resistance in S. bulbocastanum and S. hougasii.
    • Significant differences in pathogenicity were found among mono-female lines of M. hapla and M. chitwoodi, indicating intra-specific variation.

    Conclusions:

    • Host plant resistance to Meloidogyne species is genotype-dependent, with significant variation observed.
    • Intraspecific variation in pathogenicity exists within M. hapla and M. chitwoodi populations, particularly evident in mono-female lines.
    • The interaction between Meloidogyne isolates and Solanum genotypes is complex and warrants further investigation for breeding resistant cultivars.

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