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Utilitarianism and the evolution of ecological ethics
1Department of Philosophy, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-4237, USA. g-varner@tamu.edu
Science and Engineering Ethics
|October 24, 2008
Summary
R.M. Hare's two-level utilitarianism offers a framework for professional ethics codes. It emphasizes unique professional situations and necessary virtues, guiding ethical code development.
Area of Science:
- Ethics
- Philosophy of Law
- Professional Studies
Background:
- Professional ethics codes evolve to address unique occupational challenges.
- R.M. Hare's two-level utilitarianism offers a theoretical lens for this evolution.
Purpose of the Study:
- To apply R.M. Hare's two-level utilitarianism to understand the development of professional ethics codes.
- To identify key considerations for professional societies revising their ethical guidelines.
Main Methods:
- Conceptual analysis applying Harean utilitarianism to professional ethics.
- Examination of the relationship between professional roles, ethical situations, and required virtues.
Main Results:
- Professional codes reflect the need for specialized ethical training due to unique work situations.
- Hare's framework highlights the importance of cultivating specific virtues within professions.
Conclusions:
- Two-level utilitarianism provides a robust model for analyzing and updating professional codes of ethics.
- Professional societies should assess unique situational demands and desired virtues when modifying codes.
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