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Viruses with RNA Genomes

RNA viruses are categorized into positive-strand, negative-strand, or double-stranded groups based on their genomic structure and replication mechanisms. This classification dictates how they exploit host cellular machinery for protein synthesis and replication. Some RNA viruses also utilize reverse transcription as part of their life cycle, further diversifying their replication strategies.Positive-Strand RNA VirusesPositive-strand RNA viruses have genomes that function directly as messenger...
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Inhibitors of Virion Maturation and Assembly01:19

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Antiviral Nucleoside Inhibitors01:22

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Nucleocapsid Annealing-Mediated Electrophoresis (NAME) Assay Allows the Rapid Identification of HIV-1 Nucleocapsid Inhibitors
08:33

Nucleocapsid Annealing-Mediated Electrophoresis (NAME) Assay Allows the Rapid Identification of HIV-1 Nucleocapsid Inhibitors

Published on: January 19, 2015

HIV-1 nucleocapsid traps reverse transcriptase on nucleic acid substrates.

Dina Grohmann1, Julien Godet, Yves Mély

  • 1Institut Gilbert Laustriat, Photophysique des interactions moleculaires, UMR 7175 CNRS, Faculte de Pharmacie, Universite Louis Pasteur, Strasbourg 1, 74, Route du Rhin, 67401 Illkirch, France.

Biochemistry
|October 25, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The human immunodeficiency virus nucleocapsid (NC) protein enhances reverse transcriptase (RT) DNA synthesis. NC increases primer extension and polymerase processivity, crucial for HIV infection.

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Rapid Screening of HIV Reverse Transcriptase and Integrase Inhibitors
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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Nucleocapsid Annealing-Mediated Electrophoresis (NAME) Assay Allows the Rapid Identification of HIV-1 Nucleocapsid Inhibitors
08:33

Nucleocapsid Annealing-Mediated Electrophoresis (NAME) Assay Allows the Rapid Identification of HIV-1 Nucleocapsid Inhibitors

Published on: January 19, 2015

Determining 3'-Termini and Sequences of Nascent Single-Stranded Viral DNA Molecules during HIV-1 Reverse Transcription in Infected Cells
13:07

Determining 3'-Termini and Sequences of Nascent Single-Stranded Viral DNA Molecules during HIV-1 Reverse Transcription in Infected Cells

Published on: January 30, 2019

Rapid Screening of HIV Reverse Transcriptase and Integrase Inhibitors
05:46

Rapid Screening of HIV Reverse Transcriptase and Integrase Inhibitors

Published on: April 9, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Reverse transcription is vital for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication.
  • The viral nucleocapsid (NC) protein influences reverse transcription, but its precise role is unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the molecular mechanisms by which the NC protein affects HIV reverse transcriptase (RT)-catalyzed nucleotide incorporation.

Main Methods:

  • Analyzed RT-catalyzed single-nucleotide incorporation using various nucleic acid substrates.
  • Measured the effects of NC on primer extension, nucleotide incorporation rates (k pol), and RT-substrate complex stability.

Main Results:

  • NC increased primer extension amplitude up to 3-fold.
  • NC decreased the nucleotide incorporation rate (k pol) by up to 50-fold.
  • NC significantly enhanced RT-substrate complex stability by reducing dissociation rates.

Conclusions:

  • NC enhances HIV reverse transcription by increasing polymerase processivity, likely through direct interaction with RT.
  • NC's role extends beyond nucleic acid chaperoning to directly modulating RT activity.